The length of the hydrocarbon chains affects Essay Example for Free

The length of the hydrocarbon chains affects EssayThe aim of this experiment is to observe expose whether the length of the hydrocarbon chains affects how runny the vegetable oil is. Preliminary work needed With the apparatus that is available in the school laboratory there argon 2 different possible looks in which to carry out this experiment. From doing exploratory work testing both methods we hope to find out which whiz will give the most accurate reliable extends. This will then be the experiment we carry out in the actual experiment itself. The twain different methods we could use are as follows 1.To simply take a slide, place it at an angle and drip oil down timing how coherent it takes to get to the bottom. 2. The other way would be to have a thin long resistance filled with the oil, and timing how long it takes a small crackpot bearing to travel through each different oil. Preliminary results From testing these two methods we immediately install that method 1 would be somewhat inaccurate. We run aground that each judgment of conviction we dropped oil onto the slide it took a different path every time. Therefore each different oil will be travelling a different distance. To gain each sort of accurate results the oil must travel the same distance each time.However, we found that we could make the oil go down in a straight line, but only if the slide was placed at a much greater angle. We initially well-tried this with the C12 oil, and with this it was fine. Then when we tried to retard that the angle was ok for the C6 oil also we encountered problems. The oil fell down the slide so fast it was impossible to time. From the preliminary work we soon realised that method 2 would be far-off more accurate. From testing various different angles to place the tube at we found that 15i let the ball bearing roll through the oil at a manageable pace to be able to time it.We also found suitable start and finale marks for which the ball could pass through. Also using this method is far more practical, engine designers, for example, have to work out how long a liquid will take to pour down a tube. The diagram below shows how many different paths the oil could take handout down a slide, with a tube the U shape at the bottom lionises the ball going in a straight line. This gives us far better results to take whets of the ball from. Method We are going to drop ball bearings into a small narrow but relatively long tube of oil, and time how long it takes for the ball to get past a given itemsWe will fill the tube up with oil, starting with C6 the going all the way through up to C16. ON each oil we will drop the ball bearing in from the top, start the timer when it goes passed the start mark and grab the timer when it goes past the finish mark. It is important that we ensure there is exactly 1. 5ml of oil in the tube and also the tube is placed at 15i. We be after to take 5 readings of each oil and then take an average of the results. Apparatus needed 1. Clamp stand 2. Stop clock 3. Semi stable marker pen (to mark start finish points) 4.5 ball bearings 5. Protractor 6. Oils 7. Pipette 8. Safety goggles It is important to wear safety goggles passim this experiment as we are dealing with oils. Maintaining a fair test Two things need to be measured in this experiment and these are the mensuration of oil to use and the start and finish lines. From the preliminary work we found that 1. 5ml of the oil would sufficiently fill our tube up to a given point. When decision making where to mark the start and finish points we made sure that at the bottom of the tube was enough space for 5 ball bearings to lay.When marking the finish point we took this into consideration and marked the finish point accordingly, 1. 5cm up from the bottom of the tube. This was so that when we dropped each ball bearing in the same oil we wouldnt have to keep tipping all the oil out to get the ball bearing out each time. This wo uld have made the experiment far more messy and time consuming. When marking the start point we made sure that for the runniest oil we had, the ball baring had enough distance to pick up a greater speed than what it would be travelling through the oil.Therefore for every oil we had, the ball would immediately hit the oil and slow down. The distance this gave us from start to finish was 10cm. There will only be one controlled variable in this experiment and that is the chain length of the oils we use. For accurate results we will be using 5 different oils, these are C6, C8, C10, C12, and C16. We are unable to use a C14 oil but hopefully the graphs plotted from the results will allow us to see what result we would have gained from a C14 oil. Everything else in the experiment will be kept a constant.That is the angle of the tube, the ball bearings, and the same person stopping and starting the clock. To ensure that our results are even more accurate and reliable we will run the test th rough once before we actually start to take any results. This is because when the ball bearings have been in the oil once it is extremely difficult to remove all the particles of oil, there will always be an oily rest left on the ball. So the only way to solve this would be to ensure that before taking any results the ball already has this thin social class of oil over it for every different test on each of the oils.In addition to this it is important that the ball is placed into the tube right at the top and left to roll down pushing the ball down into the tube will provide inaccurate results. Prediction I predict that as the chain length of an oil increases, the runniness of the oil will decrease, (the ball bearing will take longer to travel through the oil). If you compare a hexane molecule (C8 H12) to an octane molecule (C8H18) it is clear that the octane molecule has more carbon atoms and hydrogen atoms The difference between them is to do with the overall size of the molecu le.

Relationship between creativity and parenting among preschool children

Relationship between creativity and nourishing among preschool barbarianrenParenting is potenti completelyy a prominent process which affects childs biophysical, psychological, social, and spiritual development. According to researches parenting demeanors bear a crucial role in childrens development(Holden Edwards,1989Baumrind,1991DarlingSteinberg,1993Chao,1994Paulson,1994Lorenz,Hoven,AndrewsBird,1995Reissetal.1995PalmerHollin,1996Radziszewska,Richardson,DentFlay,1996Holdren,1997,Querido,Warner,Eyberg,2002Sabbatini,Leaper,2004Dixon,Hamilton-Giachritis Browne,2005) .Due to the fact that parents are the start-off people who interact with children in the environment, parenting flare is considered to be an of import factor in childrens growth (Steinberg, Elmen, Mounts, 1989 Pratt, 1988 Xie, 1996). since it has impact on various dimensions of child development much(prenominal) as physical, cognitive , emotional, social and language development.Unfortunately, many parents lack le arning on how to provide a nigh(a) home environment and how to use good parenting practices to encourage their childrens abilities. Teachers and other childhood professionals are key resource persons who can disseminate information to parents and encourage parents to require effective parenting style. It is a well -known fact that parenting styles set the environmental and emotional context for childrens development.Many writers have noted that specific parenting practices are less(prenominal) important in predicting child well- existence than is the broad pattern of parenting. Most researchers who try to describe this broad parental setting rely on Diana Baumrinds concept of parenting style. The progress to of parenting style is used tocapture normal variations in parents attempts to control and socialize their children (Baumrind, 1991). Diana Baumrind (1966) was the first researcher who made lots of effort in re probing somewhat the invention of parenting style and its vari ous types she classified parenting style into three types of imperious, bailable and authoritative.the authoritarian parenting style is characterized by being highly challenging and less responsive. The authoritarian parent is inflexible, rough, and demanding. Coarse parents usually fall in this category (It is worth saying that Baumrind added the point that not all authoritarian parents are abusive) (Diana Baumrind 1966).permissive parents are less taxing however highly responsive. The permissive parent is excessively responsive to the childs needs in the way that they rarely apply orderly rules. The outcome of permissive parenting would usually be the spoiled child (Diana Baumrinds 1966).Children are all born with certain set of characteristics and abilities which may be cultivated based on the adjoin environment. Creativity is among these characteristics and since each child is born with the instinctive ability to be creative, all children have the right to be given the opport unity to discover, use and rear this inborn gift. All children have capacity to be creative and children should have the opportunity to show their ability to be creative (Torrance 1970). Hence parents must work an atmosphere conducive to develop creativity.Definitions of creativity are not straightforward and limited so that we come across various writers contributing to the disputation about the constitution of creativity with different views. However most theorists come to the same point that the creative process in all its different definitions share some common aspects which are imagination, originality, productivity, problem solving and the ability to create an outcome of value and worth hence creativity can be dressd as a process of thinking and responding that is engaged with connecting with our prior experience, reservation response to incentives (objects, ideas, symbols, people, situations) and bring into being at least one and only(a) unique combination. E. Paul Torra nce (1997), one of the leading researchers in the field of creativity, defined creativity as the process of sensing problems, forming ideas, and deriving unprecedented solutions of unique problems with elaboration and embellishment.The poll of creativity in young children has been approached form different point of views. There has been several(prenominal) investigations examining parental and family influences on preschoolers creativity . Bomba ,Moran, and Goble(1991) organized a guide on children and their parents to explore the blood between familial style and preschoolers creative potential. Findings revealed that children of families who were flexible in their family structure got higher scores on a creativity test.Statement of ProblemThe parents and attainment environment during early childhood have great impact on child outcomes .There are evidences that show how parents can influence on children such as family income, parentsoccupatios and parents education. Infect parent s are influential person through of the childs life. They have essential task to teach children new skills and who are the first teachers. There are several styles that parents chose during the parenting and each one has particular influence on children. Baumrid was the first researcher that use parenting style concept and other research until now show that substantial effect parenting style on all aspect of child outcomes.Therefore awareness of how and what influences parenting style is significant when researches have shown consanguinity between parenting style and irresponsible and negative children outcomes. Negative outcomes including eating disorders, aggression, lowly academic performance, depression and positive outcome such as high academic achievement, self esteem. The problem being addressed in this study is to investigate the relationship between parenting style and creativity level of Iranian preschool children live in Malaysia.http//www.informaworld.com/smpp/content content=a727330303db=allearly education and children outcomes 2005nfluences of parents education on their childrens educational attainments the role of parent and child perceptionsPurpose of studyThe major purpose of this study is to explore relationship between parenting style namely authoritative, authoritarian and permissive and creativity among preschool children.The second purpose of study is that provides information to parents on the effects of their styles on creativity and their childrens performance in creativity. It provides information about the creativity level of Iranian preschool children as well as provides information about parenting style in Iranian students.There are some reasons to show this study is useful first reason is that recently there is more focus on child development than before and that parents must be more educated about their parenting styles .Second reason is that the researches show lack of awareness of parents about parenting styles they choose w hich has direct influence on the child outcomes .For the third reason, the findings depart help professionals and educators in early childhood area to design suitable programs to parents in order to enhance their knowledge about parenting and parenting styles .Research questionsThe research questions for this study are as followsIs there any relationship between authoritative Iranian parents and their child creativity?Is there any relationship between authoritarian Iranian parents and their child creativity?Is there any relationship between permissive Iranian parents and theirchild creativity?Limitation of studyIn this study only Iranian parents in Malaysia leave be used as sample since I am Iranian and my concern is to inform the Iranian parents how their parenting style leave alone influence their children creativity.The second limitation is the questionnaire is in English language.Third, this study is carry out in public Iranian preschool.Operational definitionsThe following c oncepts were nominally defined for this studyParenting style Parenting is a complicated set of activities which involves much particular behaviour that work independently and collectively to affect child outcomes. Parenting has such a significant role in childs life that determines the nature of children s following life and even their future parenting styles. (GearyFlinn, 2001 Keller, 2001). Darling and Steinberg (1993) define a parenting style as the emotional climate in which parents raise their children.Darling and Steinberg defined parenting style asA constellation of attitudes toward the child that are drawd to the child and that interpreted together, create an emotional climate in which the parents behaviors are expressed. These behaviors include both the specific, goal-directed behaviors through which parents perform their paternal duties and non-goal-directed parental behaviors, such as gestures, changes in tone of voice, or the spontaneous expression of emotion.(DarlingSt enberg,1993,p.3).Diana Baumrind conducted an interview with parents of preschool children and observed the interaction between parents and children and based on the result she believed that parenting styles have two important dimensions (Baumrind,1971,1978,1989). The first one wasparental responsiveness and the second one was parental demandigness. Parental responsiveness refers to parents consideration on childs needs. Parental demandiingness refers to the demands which are made by parents on their children to pass away unified into the family and the society. She described parenting style in three categories authoritarian, authoritative and permissive .Authoritarian parenting styleAuthoritarian parenting style is described with high demandingness but low responsiveness. Authoritarian parents do not express ideas or reasons behind their rules for their children and children have to follow the rules unconditionally. Attitude of these parents is that the child must do whatever they say. The authoritarian parents communicate less with their children and they use punishment if the children do not accept the rules.Authoritative parenting styleAuthoritative parenting style is the most appropriate method with the best outcomes .Parents have moderate demanding and moderate responsiveness. They have reasonable requests to child, they show love and affection, and they listen to childs views, they encourage children to be independent. Authoritative parents explain to the child the reasoning behind their rules and control. (Baumrind,1966)permissive parenting stylePermissive parenting style is described with high responsiveness however low demandingness .Permissive parents tend to give more freedom to children and less control, guidance and punishment. The child can do whatever she or he wants unconditionally. children of permissive parents show traits such as low self-esteem and lack of independency.CreativitySeveral experts define creativity in many various ways and ea ch researcher has his own definition on creativity and in highest number of definitions, creativity is making new thing, originality, unusual, unexpected, valuable etc.(preschool education book).Torrances definition of creativity (1974)A process of becoming sensitive to problems, deficiencies, gaps in knowledge, missing elements, disharmonies, and so on identifying the difficult searching for solutions, making guesses or formulating hypotheses about the deficiencies testing and retesting these hypotheses and possibly modifying and retesting them and finally communicating the results (p.8).Preschool childrenBased on Malaysian curriculum, children between 4 to 6 is located at a lower place preschoolMethodologyThis research is a quantitative study and the data will collate by questioners.InstrumentationThe instrument used in this study will be TCAM ( Torrance 1981) to measur creativity in preschool children and will also use a version of the parenting styles and Dimensions Questionnai re(PSDQ) (Robinson, Mandelco, Olsen, Hart, 2001) to collect data. Method analysing data is by the quantitative data analytic thinking .Spss version 17 will be used in this study.SampleA total of 100 Iranian parents in Kuala Lumpur (50 females and 50 males) and 50 preschool children from Iran will be included in this study.http//www.msnbc.msn.com/id/20056147/

The Threat Of New Entrant Marketing Essay

The Threat Of New Entrant Marketing EssayIntroductionPoh Kong Sdn. Bhd. was founded in 1976, by 3 Choon Br differents and their two brother-in-laws, which built in half of a normal retail gillyflower in Petaling Jaya. The party started to expand their melodic line or so the city in Petaling Jaya. On 1999, the company has reached 50 retail returns around the Penisular Malaysia. Most of it located in Klang Valley, 3 branches in Johor Bahru, and one branch in each of these city Melaka, Kuantan, Muar, Batu Pahat, Ipoh, and Sungai Petani.Poh Kong was listed on the main board of Bursa Malaysia Securities Berhad on 9th March, 2004, with 60 outlets and approximate 600 employees around the world. Then, the company started to expand the franchise variableness, and the stolon franchise outlet is in Complex Karamunsing in Sabah, to be part of the retail magnification in East Malaysia. As to date, the company has reach chaseet place capitalization of RM197millions and has to a greater e xtent than 1200 of employees, with the total of 101 retail store and still expanding.The mission and vision of Poh Kong Group is to manufacturing and retailing the jewelries, while differentiates their products offered by achieving the four core business principles of value, fiber, quality, and trustworthiness. Besides, they too filtrate their best to serve their clients from the walks of life for numerous of their important moments. From setting the benchmark in retailing of jewelries in Malaysia, Poh Kong Holdings Berhad is known as a company with corpo account triumphes in phenomenal sufferth over the years.The company as well as has several in-house fall guys such as Tranz, Happy Love, Anggun, The Art of Auspicious, and Bunga Raya Gold Bar. While, Poh Kong is likewise the licensee for Disney Collection, fix distributor for Schoeffel luxury pearls from Germany, Luca Carati and Verdi Gioielli from Italy, Angel Diamonds from Belgium, Cocoro from Japan, which that the com pany has compartmentalization of unique jewelries from around the world. Besides, the company also differentiate themselves by separate the retail concept store. different than Poh Kong and Diamond Gold outlets, retail concept stores such as Diamond Boutique, Jade Gallery, Tranz Boutique and Oro Bianco atomic number 18 available. Besides, they also providing Gold Bar Buy-Back service to customer, its role is to letting the customer to good deal back their Bunga Raya Gold Bar for jewelry or trade it for cash. While, they also helping customers to customize the designing of the jewelries and also devising of corporate awards and gifts, such as Gold emblem, aureate plaque and etc.The crowd mentioned that they allow foring actively look for more(prenominal) business opportunities to expand, while grow its market sh ar in the same while. Poh Kong is the market leader and impart continue to stay on its market position as the largest jewelries retail store in Malaysia. Dem and for favourable is expected to be recovering over the long term due to its intrinsic values by Asian cultures of loose gold jewelries as customary gifts. Poh Kong also expects the retail sales will be boost due to the coming festive expense seasons and the purchase of gold jewelries and gold bars by customers as a hedge to against the global currency risks and inflation. On top of that, the group will use the loan wages rise upd from the ICP/IMTN Programme to grow its business by to finance group wide restructuring programme and the capital expenditure of the Poh Kong Group.Poh Kong will continue to drive and raise its market sh be by enhancing and differentiating its product to its seted market segments. In addition, they are giveing to take out new customers via introduction of new products and designs, while providing as legal customer service as they can. Poh Kong provided different choices of retail concepts to meet the various needs and required of customers. They are also fully commits on the design of jewelries, its craftsmanship, and quality of their products with setting reasonable competitive pricing on them. Other than that, their retail sales teams are back up with advertising, promotions, events marketing and public relations. Strong retail earnings sustain been made to reach the mass market, while the image differentiation of its product brands and retail concept stores is performed to meet the needs of different customers.Recently, Poh Kong comes out with floral designs on the recent Hari Raya celebration and some new design and series such as the Anggun series and Melur collections. The well-crafted designs are combined with elements of tradition. Manja collection is designed for children to target new market others than targeting women only. They also teams up with the Italian jeweler, Moraglione 1922, which is one of the worlds finest brands being inspired by the Europes royal families. Customers who love fine jewelries can n ow defend the opportunity toobtain one ofthe Europes finestbrands of gems. The collections available including Anastasia, Isabella, G operate and Sofia,which comprise of diamonds and colourful uncommon stones. The executive chairman and group managing director said, Malaysians can now extol to wearing one of the best jewelries in the world. With the Moraglione 1922 collections, Poh Kongs customers can expect the best in monetary value of glamour and elegance.Poh Kong is now considering on the expansion outside of the Malaysia. The group is eyes on Asean marts by plans to open the overseas outlets in Asean before 2015. Research had been done and stated that Asean region especially Indonesia, Thailand and Vietnam are among the worlds key success gold markets, and they are taking opportunities of the setting up of the Asean Economic Community (AEC) by 2015. Moreover, the gold jewelry role are now nighly at China and India, and the company is also considering to expand on it in th e future. Sales revenue is expected to rise by growth of 25% compare to this year.2. potential and StrategiesProducts and servicesPoh Kong is selling different products in their outlets such as diamond and gem, Jade, Gold, and also Gold bar (Bungaraya gold bar). They also sell international products which lie down of Schoeffel, Luca Carati, Angel Diamond, Cocoro, Disney and etc. Besides, wedding and Festive collection also available in the Poh Kong outlets, Chinese New Year and Hari Raya collection could be found on their outlets. Besides, they also providing Gold Bar Buy-Back service to customer, for customer to trade in Bunga Raya Gold Bar for jewelly or trade it for cash. Poh Kong Corporate Sales is also helping customers to customize in the design of jewelries and reservation of corporate awards and gifts, such as Gold emblem, gold plaque and etc.Missions and VisionsPoh Kong Group, an integrated one-stop jeweller, from manufacturer to retailer of gold, jewelleries and precious stones, differentiates its products offer by meeting the four core business principles of quality, value, trustworthiness and choice.Poh Kong has served customers from all walks of life for many of their important occasions. Theres always something for everyone, from exquisite pieces to simple designs, from irresistible collections to dazzle custom-made orders are available to suit our patrons taste and budget.Setting the benchmark in the manufacturing and retailing of gold and fine jewelry in Malaysia, Poh Kong Holdings Berhad, as a public-listed company has earned a place in the countrys annals of corporate successes with phenomenal growth over the years.Milestone1976Poh Kong was established on March 26th, 1976, with its first outlet at Jalan 52/4, Petaling Jaya, more known as PJ Newtown or PJ State. It has been the Poh Kong Headquarters until today.1982First branch in SS2, Petaling Jaya, of retail space 1,500 sqft and 20 employees, was open.1983-1992Poh Kong opened another 1 3 branches.1993Poh Kong upgraded all outlets with fully computerised point-of-sales and inventory systems.1995Poh Kong was made the exclusive distributor of Disney characters in gold in Malaysia.1996Poh Kong designer team won a gold medal for the Golden Design Awards 1996 organized by the World Gold Council Europe in Italy.2001Poh Kong invested RM12Mil to establish a 60,000 sqft modern manufacturing facility in Shah Alam. Poh Kong launched its first in-house brand, Tranz in collaboration with World Gold Council.2004Poh Kong was listed on the main board of Bursa Malaysia Securities Berhad on March 9th, 2004.Poh Kong opened its first Poh Kong Gallery-a stylish Italian authorised VIP lounge with 5,000 sqft, at the 1stfloor of its headquarters.Poh Kong reached 60thoutlet in Peninsular Malaysia.2005Poh Kong set up a franchise division.2006Poh Kong ventured into the diamond cutting and polishing, sales, import and merchandise of precious stones in collaboration with Hong Kong companies.P oh Kong opened its first franchise outlet in Complex Karamunsing, Kota Kinabalu in September as part of its retail expansion into East Malaysia.2007Poh Kong was appointed as sole distributor for Schoeffel in Southeast Asia.Poh Kong Group participated in the International Trade Malaysia (INTRADE MALAYSIA 2007) exhibition organized by Matrade and supported by the Ministry of International Trade and Industry.2009Poh Kong and Luca Carati, one of Italys oldest and most prestigious jewellers launched the brand in Malaysia. Poh Kong is commemorated as the sole distributor in Malaysia.2010Poh Kong showcased in house brand products, Tranz and Anggun in Malaysian Pavillion at Shanghai World Expo 2010.2011Poh Kong reached 100thoutlet in Peninsula Malaysia.PEST AnalysisPoliticalAs usual, regimen policies influence an important role on the development of 1 exertion. It can affect how well the exertion can perform and influence the decision on consumer as well as the sellers. Based on the Mal aysia Budget 2011, in order to promote Malaysia as a shopping feeln in Asia, the import business of approximately 300 goods is abolished and imitation jewelry is one of the listed goods. As effective from 1st January 2011, this imported as well as tradeed jewelry items will extol the tax free policy. The execution of this new tax policy has successfully transformed Malaysia to be a duty-free shopping paradise locally and internationally. The reducing on tax burden has encourages tourists and local buyers to spend more with lowest expense and it is expected will bringing economic growth in the jewelry sedulousness would expected to growth in both importing and exporting sector.In this gold and jewellery industry, in that respect is an association which will govern the regularisation and regulation of the industry, which namely Federation of Goldsmith and Jewellers Association of Malaysia. This association was established in 25 April 1978 by 12 different goldsmith associatio ns and today there is more than 1500 goldsmiths and jewellers are in the member list. As at year 2011, the group managing director of TOMEI Group, Mr. Ng YihPyng is the president of this association and the deputy president is served by Mr. Siow Der Ming, the executive director of Poh Kong Holding Bhd.The aim of establishing this association is to protect the interest of the member. They also dealt with lobbying with the government as well as standardize the retail charges of gold and other jewelry ornaments to prevent them from being distorted by competition among the goldsmiths and jewellers. In order to protect the member, the association will try to talk terms with the government on the taxation. E.g. In 1982 the Association bargained over the government for a free and open policy whereby gold bar imports would be exempted from tax, and eventually this had been executed in 1983. This execution had enhanced the performance of goldsmiths and jewellery industry. As mentioned, this association will standardize the retail charges of gold and other jewelry ornaments.However, starting from around October 2012, the normalisation of the price no longer apply, which mean all the goldsmiths and jewellers can charges whatever the price of their product they want to. The abolishment of standardize gold price could name the jewellers who achieved the economics of scale can charge for lower price of their jewellery compared to whose had cost competitive disadvantage. This brings up the more competitive in the jewellery industry and for sure, the larger size company with lower production will win the battle and the small scale goldsmiths and jewellery business will have to pass away out from the industry.Physical gold bullion is no longer a restricted item since 1987, which means general public can trade in gold like other merchandise. One can now buy and sell gold bullion at goldsmith shops which traditionally sells over-the-counter (OTC) gold jewellery and also at m any gold trading companies which apply different trading model to attract business. This has been increased the confident of those investors which buy for the enjoyment for investment because the existing of physical gold is far better than a just a piece of paper prove that how much gold you have owned. This abolishment had further increased the growth of the industry.In recent the announcement of Malaysia Budget 2013 will also enhanced the lifestyle of the citizen especially of the medium set forth income receiver. One of the policies listed in Budget 2013 is that the tax rate will be has a reduction of 1 per cent for those chargeable income which currently fall into the family unit below tax rate of 19 per cent. This will increase the disposal income of those middle income ranges of household, which is 60% of Malaysia household and hence probably will increase the consumption of jewellery industry.EconomicJewellery industry in Malaysia from a very humble beginning of family-ow ned business transformed into one of the study exporters of jewellery in the Asian region. According to the industry write-up released on Malaysia External Trade Development Corporation (MATRADE), the Malaysian jewellery industry consists of 2 segmentsPrecious metals and gemstone jewelleryCostume or imitation jewelleryJewellery sector was ranked the 13th largest contributor and accounted for 1.5% share of total exports of manufactured goods. Based on the trade performance from MATRADE (Appendix), the exports of jewellery in year 2011 grew by 1.7% compared to year 2010. Malaysias exports of jewellery comprised three study product categories namely jewellery of gold, silver and platinum, which is the main export sector with 81.5% of total jewellery export and followed by is the articles of precious metals, which recorded 18.3 % share of exports and lastly is the imitation jewellery which has a share of 0.2%. According to the intelligence operation reported in The Star on 13 July 20 12, the growth rate of jewellery industry in Malaysia is expected to have a growth rate of more than 6% a year.In current economic condition, the increase of price of fuel, electricity and transportation and other be has left companies no choice but to increase the price of their goods. According to the consumers of the industry, the prices for gold and jewellery have been increasing rapidly over the years. This has caused a drop in the demand for jewellery. If costs of gold and other precious metals such as silver and platinum continue to escalate, demand for jewellery would decrease and thus affect jewelers and the industry. Malaysia jewellery industry will continue to face keen competition from low-cost producers such as India, Thailand, Indonesia and China. However, the industry has the potential to successfully compete against the luxury goods industry and extend its traditional domination of the consumers spending.SocialIn todays jewellery market, consumers resource seem ha s been changed. The traditional yellow gold jewellery can no longer attract younger customers which prefer their jewellery set in white gold and platinum. Most of the jewelers have changed their strategy to meet the demand of younger customers. One spokes individual can be found is the DeGemBerhad. In order to meet the preference of younger customer, one of the listed player in goldsmith and jewellery industry, DeGemBerhad, had designly launched its division Diamond Platinum, which is more focuses on more trendy and fashionable designs to capture the demands of younger customers who preferred their jewellery set in white gold as well as platinum.Even though there are changes in customers preference in term of design and material the cultural may also affect the consumption level of jewellery industry. In this multi-racial country, the effect from different races can be greater than single race countries. In Malaysia, each race has its own new year, own festive, then(prenominal) ce the gold and jewellery industry performance can be further boosted by these festive. For example part of Chinese traditional culture, gold and precious stone jewellery will be the popular gift to their friend when they are get married or offend birth. Furthermore, the Valentines Day, Christmas, and Mothers Day, and etc are also the main boost of the sales in the jewellery sales.Not only have those stated, most of the designs of jewellery in this industry are based on the different season. Different season the jewellers and goldsmiths will comes out with unique designs which use the seasonal theme as the basis. Therefore the innovation and creativeness of the craftsmanship are crucial in this area in order to differentiate the product from the competitors and attracting the buyers. For Poh Kong, it used the spider and leaf as the theme for their crepuscule series design.Crimes affect the consumption of gold jewelry among the consumer. They afraid of being rob therefore they ten d to not wearing the jewelry when going out. So the demand of gold will be affected as the crime of robbery increase simultaneously.TechnologyWith today advanced engineering, Internet had been effectively victimization and hence the increased the distribution channel for not only jewellery but also other product. Website has been a tool for the jewellers to list their precious jewellery and giving the information to the potential customers. Also with this technology, the imitation jewellery increased its position by offering the online purchase the jewellery and shipping worldwide.The advanced technology in today jewellery industry had made the need of craftsmanship decreased. Before this, the responsibility of the craftsmanship are design the jewellery, supervise the jewellery making transition (e.g. make sure the cutting is accurate.). Since the advancement of technology, the development of Rapid Prototyping and Tooling Technology in jewellery CAD (computer aided design) has mad e the jewellery process more precisely and less craftsmanship is needed. This new technology had simplifies the designing process, ease the adjusting processes if the design is not well designed hence it shorten the time of making a jewellery and increase the productivity. Not only that, the error rate of this technology has greatly reduced to only 0.0012 chances of error occurred. This technology is unploughed in improving and enhancing.Threat of New EntrantThis industry needs very huge amount of capitals in order to operate the business, such as acquisition of shop lot, sow and machineries to manufacture jewelleries, high securities costs and so on. In consider that the inventory itself (gold material) is very expensive to impart compare to other industries (gold price as at 12 November 2012 2.34pm New York Time is USD1,234.87 per ounce, exclude the labour charges and other transaction costs). And of course, this industry will incurred a low discharge cost, the disposal price of the inventory (gold jewelries) will be deducted 20% till 25% of the purchase cost and that is risky considered the fluctuation of the gold price. Whereas in terms of the government policys barrier, this industry is controlled by Bank Negara Malaysia, that not everyone can simply operate a goldsmith and jewellery business as there is a needed to get approval from the Federation of Goldsmiths and Jewellers Association of Malaysia, this create the barriers of entry among the jewellery industries in terms of capital investment, the rules and regulations and low wall plug costs. The threats of new overhear for jewellery industries is low because the high barriers of entry. Here, Poh Kong has managed to lower down the average cost by selling more product compare to the small-sized company, in order to utilize the unflinching cost. Also, it is very unlikely for those small-sized companies to achieve these economies scale, considered that we need high cost of plant and machinery, and o f course a high rental cost to expand the business in order to compete with Poh Kong.Threat of SubstituteThe more substitutes are available, the more elastic is the demand because customers have more alternative choices. When customers have more alternative choice to withdraw, the threat will become greater for a company. Jewellery actually is an item that is desired but unnecessary. Therefore only large number with surplus income will buy precious metals jewellery. For those mint who unwilling to afford a precious metals jewellery, they can choose to spend their money in buying imitation jewellery such as poly-plastic jewellery or non-precious metals jewellery such as stainless-steel jewellery and tungsten jewellery. And yes, there are many jewellers which are dealing with this kind of jewellery and target those low income consumers. All these jewellery will have very low relative price compare to precious metals jewellery such as gold and platinum jewellery. Not only the price, but consumers also can easily buy this type of jewellery done different channel, either from physical shop or buy it online. Since this imitation jewelleries are cheap and customers usually will not examine them as they already know it is imitation. Therefore, the sellers can operate an online shopping which easier to reach to potential customers and provide free shipping service to attract those customers which unable to afford the precious metals jewellery. The carrying out of online shopping by those jewellers has increase the availability of the substitution for precious metals jewellery.Other than that, jewellery market not only offers those precious and non-precious metals jewellery, there are also jewellery made of precious stone and gem which embed into the precious metal or ornament. For those people who do not like gold or any other precious metals but want something special or for collection, they also can opt for amber or lechatelierite jewellery. Amber and crystal j ewellery actually not cheap at all, some of the rare amber and crystal jewellery can cost more than a 4 carats diamond. If a person able to afford such expensive precious metal jewellery, it will be not a problem for that person to afford an amber or crystal jewellery. At the end of the point, its just depending on what is preferred by the consumers. The more choices of jewellery available in the market, the more resource can the consumer choose from and the higher the threat. Currently the non-precious metals jewellery can be very easy to obtain from many goldsmiths and jewellers.Not all people will love jewellery. As mentioned above, jewellery is an item which desired but unnecessary, so it is considered as a luxury goods. Most of the people will first spending their money on daily necessities then only considers buying jewellery if there is a surplus. Those people who spend their money on luxury goods is try to enjoy better lifestyle. In todays world, those people who wearing or using a luxury product will giving a signal that the person is a rich man, should be more respect to them. So luxury goods in this world is not limited to jewellery only, there could have many other products, such as branded watches, designer clothes, branded hand bag and etc. These products can totally substitute the needs of jewellery for those people who wanting a better lifestyle. Furthermore, these products can also be very easy available, which has high distributional channels that easily distribute to potential customers, therefore the threat of substitute from these products is high.As the result from those many substitutions from the above, Poh Kong is facing a high threat of substitute. The direct substitution, amber and crystal, which will serve the same purpose as the precious metals jewellery, are the highest threat of substitute. It is because Poh Kongs does not sell these kinds of jewellery in its products range even though it is operating jewellery business.Threat o f BuyersAs an overall, the threat of buyers faced by Poh Kong will be considered as moderate to high.When supply more than demand, the threat of buyer will become higher. Poh Kong has no major customer and relies on this type of customer, which will rapidly purchase substantial amount of jewellery from Poh Kong for every purchase. This indicated that Poh Kong does not face any threat of major customer of discontinue get its sources from Poh Kong. Moreover, the switching cost of buyer is low as after they purchased the jewellery from Poh Kong, there is no restriction of law which disallowed the customers from resells their jewellery to other jewellers.(True?)In jewellery industry, products are differentiated mainly based on the design. When Poh Kong offered less variety of design can be chosen then its competitors, the higher the threat from the buyers as they can choose the preferred design from Poh Kongs competitors. This more alternative available to the customers has increase the threat of buyer for Poh Kong.Even though the jewelleries are served for the same purpose, however the designs of jewellery determine the preference of the customer. Therefore the uniqueness of the design is crucial to capture the customer demand. Human being is a weird creature, when there is a limited range of product can be choose from, they will only choose the best fit their preference from the limited range. Furthermore, Poh Kong actively comes out with different design based on different season, different festive as well as jointly design with foreign reputable company (who). Therefore no any crucial threat will face by Poh Kong in term of differentiation.In addition, most of the jewellers operate its outlets near to their competitors. Therefore, buyer can easily get the price and compare the price between them. If Poh Kongs jewellery prices higher than its competitors, buyer will try to negotiate with them. If they fail in negotiation, they can simply switch to Poh Kongs com petitors. In this point of view, the bargaining major power of buyer can be consider as high.Bargaining power of suppliersThe raw material of jewellery of Poh Kong is mainly supply from gold bullion bank such as UOB Gold Bullion Bank, Al Rajhi Bank or Maybank. The price is set according to the market gold price and hence the supplier did not have any negotiate power for the gold price. The banks may earn the profit by charging the transaction costs and service charges against each transaction deal, therefore, the jewellery industries may negotiate with bank or choose the bank who offer the lowest charges. Therefore, the banks will very concern about these jewellery industries since they order in bulk quantity and they will try to retain the customer royalty and gain the market share.Another source of raw material also comes from the Pawnshop or Pawn Broker which the customer of imbueshop who fails to redeem their gold product such as jewellery, gold coin. This threat of supplier i n this group also low because there have a lot of variety of pawnshop in Malaysia and they try to offer the lowest price to sell the failure redemption product.The minor supplies of gold are from individual through trade in or buy back schemes. The gold price is fixed and the price of trade-in is lower than outside by offering the spread. Therefore, the individual may negotiate with Poh Kong to reduce the spread and labour charges but the price cannot run away as the price set in market.Besides that, the gold bullion or gold is a homogeneous products and hence the only way to differentiation the gold bullion bank and pawn shop of industries can do is by good servicing and lower charges. Therefore, the threat of supplies basically is low because jewellery manufacturer may have variety of choices of firms which offer the best price and best services to them.In summary, the bargaining power of suppliers are low since gold is a homogenous product and the price is set in commodity market and also by BNM.Rivalry among the CompetitorsMore than 1500 of goldsmiths and jewellers customer can choose from.The threat of new entrance is low, the bargaining power of buyers and substitutes are high while the bargaining power of suppliers are lowThere are only 3 listed companies in jewelry industry including Poh Kong, Tomei and DeGem. Poh Kong is not the only player in the jewelry market. Buyer can choose from many other goldsmith jewelrer. For eg Tomei, DeGem, Habib, Wah Chan. Therefore buyer can choose from different jewelers can hence bargaining power of the buyer will be high because many alternatives can be chosen by the buyers. elevated industry growth rate The jewellery industry currently is expected growing by 6% per year hence, Poh Kong is able to continue expanding the jewellery market and generate the profit from there. Therefore, although there have an excited competition among the competitors such as Tomei, DeGem and etc, Poh Kong still can gain the profit from t herecause the market is expanding.High fixed or storage costs There have a high fixed cost incurred in manufacturing process such as craftsmanship, rental, depreciation of plant and machinery, and there have need to incurred the high security costs to store the jewellery such as a special storage room, CCTV and security guards. This will encourage the rivalry among the competitors because the jewellery manufacturer and dealer will get the market share as much as possible to cover up those fixed costs.Low differentiation or switching cost There have low switching cost among the buyers because the buyers can change their suppliers anytime without incurred any allowance or legal fees (actually their switching costs is just learning costs, research costs). Therefore, these will cause the increases of bargaining power of buyers and threats of substitute. Degem, Tomei, Chow Tai Fook and other jewellery firm will try to lock-in the buyers through their innovation and marketing strategic s hence increase the competitions among existing firm.High exit barriers There have low exit barriers for the jewellery industries, its actually just need to expose the risk of fluctuation of gold price when they dispose off their remaining stocks, hence these factor will weaken the rivalry among the competitions because the firms will not need to put the hard afford to stay in the market due to the high exit barriers.BCGs ground substance Attractiveness of portfolioBased on the information gather for each portfolio for Poh Kong, and the BCGs Matrix as at Appendix, trading division is star while manufacturing is question mark division for Poh Kong.For trading division, Poh Kong is a market leader among other competitor because it generates the highest external revenue among other competitors, which higher than the benchmark company is Tomei Consolidated Berhad, the second

Importance of Advertising and Promotion in Business

Importance of Advertising and Promotion in Business lying-in 1- The three communicational theories of businessElectronic theory understands the dynamic communication aids in delivering messages clearly to the receiver. The process of the electronic theory is t is based on, and uses the language of, electronics. Emails, smart phone messaging system ar using the electronic theory which information volition be delivered in electronic modalitys.Social environment theory- is based on the workplace. It is essential to understand to whom we are talking their position. We withal have to respect the rules and culture while communicating to severally other.Rhetorical theory this theory targets not tho the receiving message but also the respond produced.The information and Communication technologies are changing in mean solar day to day life style. They are improving the way a message delivers to a audience. The ways of adverting are using website, other community website banners, cl assified, multimedia presentation, flyers and posters. The compositors cases advertisements are Product advertisement which is selling a single harvest-time such as mobile phones, electronic goods. Product advertisement only targets a limited people who will be using that product or function. Business advertisement is to make the partnership brand familiar to the audience. For voice the brands most commonly known by the people are Nike, Timberland, Apple products. Service advertisement suggest the advertises service. Examples of service advertise are Government, Tourism and banking. As the latest technologies are gradually getting demand, announce in a website will be idle for targeting the customers. nigh of the users browse and prefer to shop on byplay. In nightspot to sell products online it is essential to details e real specification of the product so that it will be easy for the clients to understand how the product or services will work before they purchase. Main impo rtant information that should be displayed if using website for advertisement is the company name, product name and contact information. The most frequent online shopping website are ebay and amazon which allow many suppliers to sell product online and also allows the clients to review the services they get while shopping online and which may ease the users who visit the product to understand a general knowledge on how the services are given to the customers. The technology is changing people on how they shop. Most of them prefer shopping online and even the high street retailers are making their products available online as well. The important advantage or using website to advertise product online are the product can be advertised in the same country or make it visible for other countries as well.Task 02The use of goods and services and Importance of AdvertisingAdvertising is part of Marketing. In order to stimulate customer response always the advertisement is a good opportunit y for the company to promote. The more than people see the product/service, the more they feel like buying it. So many companies rely on advertising these days to gain ground sales of their products or services, to build a connection with their audience and to create competition with their rival firms There are different types to gain customers awareness like advertising, and advancement, Also there are different places that advertisements can be positioned, using the metro, trams, buses, restaurants and so on The advertising objectives should support main companys goal and should be discussed with company-client in order to avoid misunderstanding. The advertising roles are based on companys tradeing strategy, like * summation sales * Increase brand awareness * Supporting other mart effortsAdvertising gives companies and businesses the opportunity to build up a brand and an identicalness. A late example of this having great success is with the Apple brand. The distinct adver ts in both TV andprintform are instantly identifiable as the companys own and give it an identity as a clean, modern and reputable brand. Advertisements need to relate to current trends and sell both a product individually as well as the company as a whole. If an advertisement succeeds at both it can help draw an audience to the product or service and build a family between the consumer and company. Establishing this connection should lead to a boost in sales for the business. One of the best ways to advertise is by word of mouth, also known as referral selling or referral advertising. When other people hear good things about your business or they have a positive feature shopping with your business, they become walking billboards for your business without you having to spend additional money on ads to create it.Advertising locally through newspapers and fliers as well as billboards can be an effective source of it when your business is up-and-coming, but expanding your advertisin g sources becomes important as you grow. You can extend your advertising approach out to goggle box commercials as well as radio in order to reach wider audiences, but the revenue from your business should be able to pay for it costs for these methods to hold you the value you are looking for.Creating an assortment of advertising and marketing techniques will help you to reach many different customer bases. Identifying a target market to advertise your business to is also very valuable, because a target market of customers will be more interested in your business than trying to magic spell to masses of people with varying interests. Making sure that enough people know that you exist who are naturally interested in your product as a target is a great way to bring in customers and increase the profit of your business.Creating an impulse in potential customers to purchase your product is very important when it comes to advertising. It can be easy to create it that puts your customer in a mindset not to purchase your product, either by unintentionally avoiding the sale of your product by focusing on information or topics that draw attention away from your product. Be sure to study the needs of your target market to get the best results. In modern times the importance of advertising your business is no different. Without an audience for your product or service, you will not curl up enough customers and will not make enough sales to keep your business doors open.Task 03Below the line Techniques and their usage.Below the line, refers to forms of non-media communication, even non-media advertising. Below the line sales promotions are short-term incentives, largely aimed at consumers. Below the line, refers to forms of non-media communication, even non-media advertising. Below the line sales promotions are short-term incentives, largely aimed at consumers. With the increase pressure on the marketing team to achieve communication objectives more efficiently in a lim ited budget, there has been a need to retrieve out more effective and cost efficient ways to communicate with the target markets. In organizational business and marketing communications,below the line is anadvertising technique. It uses less constituted methods than the usual specific channels of advertising to promote products, services, etc. thanAbove the linestrategies. These may include activities such as direct mail, universal relations and sales promotions for which a fee is agreed upon and charged up front.Above the line is a type of advertising throughmediasuch asTV,cinema,radio,print,bannersand search engines. Below the line advertising typically focuses on direct means ofcommunication, most commonly direct mail and e-mail, often using highly targeted lists of names to maximize response rates.With the increasing pressure on the marketing team to achieve communication objectives more efficiently in a limited budget, there has been a need to find out more effective and cos t efficient ways to communicate with the target markets. This has led to a shift from the regular media based advertising. In other words, below-the-line sales promotion is an immediate or delayed incentive to purchase, expressed in cash or in kind, and having only a short term or unpredictable duration. Examples of BTL promotion areSales promotionDirect marketing and direct mailPublic relations (PR)SponsorshipPersonal sellingBranding and merchandising encaseTelemarketingTrade fairs and exhibitionsSales promotionsThese offer customers incentives to encourage them to buy goods and services. In B2C markets, typical sales promotions includeBOGOF (buy one, get one free) offersprice discounts (10% off this week)giveawayscompetitions to gather holidays or cash prizesDirect mailThis enables a business to target existing and potential customers with its sales messages. Direct mailing is a productive way of promoting to existing customers for several reasons. Task 04Ability to plan integra ted promotional strategiesA company can employ various promotional techniques in order to communicate with the target market, techniques that form the promotional mix. Depending on the communication means, the promotional techniques can beDirect communication techniques focused on creating a relationship with each clientIndirect communication techniques based on mass communication, the message in identical for a high number of potential customers ( advertising, public relations, sales promotionThis definition outlines the key purposes of the marketing function. These areto compete in a competitive marketplaceto identify and anticipate consumer requirements and then conform to these requirementsto make a profit.As a market-orientated organization adidas continuously identifies and reviews consumers needs to ensure its products meet these needs. It aims to exceed customer expectations by adapting its product portfolio to meet the changing needs of consumers. It is this focus on its customers, teamed with product and marketing innovation, that plays a key role in adidas success.Every organization must look at its marketing in relation to the marketing mix. The marketing mix, often referred to as the 4Ps, is a means of assessing how to balance the elements of the mix in order to meet customers needs. The elements includethe mightily productsold at the right pricein the right placeusing the most suitable form of promotion.No two businesses are identical, as such, every organization must decide on its own balance of the 4Ps to suit its consumers needs. There are many internal and external factors that will influence an organizations marketing mix. Key factors include the size of the business, the markets it operates in and available resources.ReferenceseHow, The Electronic Theory of Business communications, online Available http//www.ehow.com/facts_7457569_electronic-theory-business-communications.htmlHow to choose an advertising agency, Online,Availablehttp//w ww.inc.com/guides/201108/how-to-choose-an-advertising-agency.htmlBovee, Courtland L., Thill, John V. (1992). Business Communication Today.New York, NY McGraw Hill Inc.2 Herta A Murphy, Herbert W Hilderbrandt (1991).Effective BusinessCommunications. New York, NY McGraw Hill Inc.3 Ross, R Reed, Brian G Long ( 2004). The Win / Win Negotiator How toNegotiate Favourable Agreements That Last. Singapore Pocket Books.Kitchen , P., Ilchul, K., Schultz, D. (2009). Intergrated Marketing Communications Practice Leads Theory.Journal of Advertising Research, (December), 531-546. Retrieved fromhttp//moodle2.lsu.edu/pluginfile.php/219255/mod_resource/content/1/IMC_Practice_Leads_to_Theory.pdfMcGrath, J. (2010). utilise means-end analysis to test integrated marketing communications effects.Journal of Promotion Management, 16(4), 361-387. Retrieved fromhttp//web.ebscohost.com.libezp.lib.lsu.edu/ehost/emailprotectedvid=1hid=8bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZSZzY29wZT1zaXRl

I Believe: A Code Of Ethics Essay -- essays research papers

I Believe A Code of EthicsbyPHIL 301Fall Semester, 1996I conceive in the power of Mind...I believe pitchers should bat...I believe Oswald was a patsy...I believe everything is a conspiracy...I believe that population argon responsible for their own actions...I believe that The Who is the greatest rock band of all time...I believe in tolerance...I believe in capitalism...I believe we are who we indirect request to be...I believe in choice...I believe in love...I believe that Bert and Ernie are televisions first gay couple...I believe that the 1979 Orioles were robbed...I believe that people who say they like Indian food are just tryingto be cool...I believe that people get the kind of government they deserve...I believe in the power of having no god...I believe I can fly...I believe that Barney is the imperial Messiah...I believe that the bible was a novel, written for profit...I believe in the m opposite ship...I believe the Mona Lisa was framed...I believe in Pez...I believe Da rwin...I believe in beauty...I believe we have the worst justice system in the world with theexception of every other system...I believe in Wally and the Beaver...I believe I didnt learn anything in kindergarten...I believe we are all in this together...I believe that breakfast is the most substantial meal of the day...I believe the ozone layer is just fine...I believe in dedication...I believe my daughter is a prodigy...I believe that Kathy Lee is the Anti-Christ...I believe my dad can still beat me at arm wrestling...I believe I wouldnt want to beat him...I believe you shouldnt believe everything you breath...I believe in the power of love to warp mens minds and make mengreat...I believe in Santa Claus, the Tooth Fairy and the seventh inningstretch...I believe in me...I believe Im done now...Developing a code of ethics is the most important thing a person can do.Such a code is necessary for humans because of our capacity to reason. Ourability to apply rational thought to the tar get of our lives is what makesmankind more than just an animal with an interesting thumb. These rationalthoughts could very easily lead us to terrible acts, for what is in our bestinterest is practically harmful to others. However there is another ability, peculiarto humans alone, that keeps most of us on the right path. Our ability to knowwhat ... ...assless. And it is not susceptible to the erratic human idea of physicalbeauty.But how to know if a law is just? If it serves to protect, promote andrespect the human Mind. If a law or an act works against the cause of Mind thanit is unjust. Such laws must not be obeyed and indeed must be worked against.But how is one to know the extent of much(prenominal) civil disobedience? In my case, theanswer is found in rule number one. So long as I do not project my family at riskof losing a husband and father, justice must be served. It is through this kindof meshing of the four rules that ethical quandaries can be answered.Noticeably, the rules of the code, enchantment existing to serve the cause ofgood and avoid evil, do not make it clear how to know which is which. There isno specific rule that gives a clear definition of what is good and what is evil.This is because the rules, when properly applied to an ethical problem, willlead to the action that is good.So then what is good? What is evil? Good is about easier to definein that it is directly related to the last three rules of the code. An actwhich s

Dust Heaps in Our Mutual Friend Essay -- Charles Dickens Victorian Era

dust HeapsDust develops. The famed Dust Heaps in Our vulgar Friend are simply large mountains of well, dust. One cannot fully judge the purpose of Dickens incorporation of dust heaps in his novel without screen background information on them. The question being what is a dust heap? Apparently the answer heaps of dust is not good enough.In the blue(a) era dust heaps were filled with useful garbage. Dust heaps were made up of many different things. One such ingredient withal the main ingredient was fine cinders and ashes. These items, along with some soil, were interchange to brick makers for making bricks, and to farmers for manure especially for clover. The next item tended to be pieces of coal which were usually in that location because a servants carelessness. The coal was either resold or simply used. Another portion of the dust heaps was made from breeze. According to Dust or Ugliness Redeemed, breeze was named after the cinders which were left after the wind has blown the finer cinders through an upright sieve. These ciders were also sold to brick makers, but for burning the b...

My Grandmother Essay -- Creative Writing Personal Narrative Essays

My grannieMy grannie has a bobcat. It lives on her roof. Shes mobilizeed the police twice they told her that bobcats dont live in her climate. I imagine the police at the station rolling their eyes, groaning to their colleagues that Gloria from Cherrywood Lane is c every last(predicate)ing again. Or maybe they put her on speakerphone so everyone can laugh. So Grandmother called my mom to say that a bobcat lives on her roof. My mother asked her Do you really think its a bobcat? No my grandmother said, It power be a lynx. My grandmother is a four-foot tall, three-foot wide Jewish woman with long white hair. She wears flea market jewelry to the point of capacity. Her arms ar some(prenominal) pounds heavier than need be because of the twenty or so gold bracelets she wears around her wrist. I live in awe of the fact that her body has not uncaring from her head due to the gigantic golden bust of a sphinx she wears around her neck. She smokes Moore cigarettes, lighting one off of another. My grandmother is strange. Shes what prudent people call a character and blunt people call a nut job. For one thing, her house is filled with stuffed animals. I dont incriminate that she has a lot of stuffed animals. I mean that her house is full of stuffed animals the way that a body is full of organs. There are no places to sit. There are no surfaces on which to eat. She names them, she dresses them - her house is FULL of stuffed animals. My mom and I used to eat there every other Sunday. In addition to the animals, my grandma collects cuckoo clocks. There are several in each room but none accurately tell the time. We would shout to her over the constant and husky chiming and gonging. Our voices had to travel not just ... ...onder, though, about the breakdown of our unit. Is it better for my mother to entertain my grandmothers stories purely out of a sense of duty? Or is it okay to write someone off, even a family member, who doesnt contribute happiness to yo ur life? Do you have to love someone because they gave parenthood to you? After all, my grandmother has certainly caused my mom a great deal of heartache. I dont know the answer. In light of my grandmothers craziness I can only be thankful for my mother. Were she to imagine the Stay-Puft Marshmallow Man on her roof I would be on the next planing machine home. Id build a proton pack out of cardboard and sit with her and comfort her until he went away. Id dine with her in the nutriment room, eating with my back turned to her so shed still be comfortable. Id help her name her stuffed animals and wind her clocks so they all chimed at once.