Heavy Tax Essay Research Paper Have you free essay sample

Overwhelming Tax Essay, Research Paper Have you paid your income improvements yet? For what reason are income improvements so significant for a state? Since income upgrades are the boss grosss of the specialists and only like a male parent needs to work and obtain compensation to back up the family unit, income improvements bolster the development and the keeping up of the state. Bing one of the irreplaceable livelihoods of a region, income improvements without a doubt influence individuals? ? s life. Actually, various paces of income upgrades cause various kinds of employments to the general public. For outline, exorbitant substantial pace of income upgrades may do a state to distort, and exceptionally light pace of income improvements may do rising costs. In the event that a state have substantial income improvement rates, individuals will loan less dispensing, procure sluggish on the work, besides, the destitute will over depend on the cultural advantage, and as a result, the general public will suffer from every one o f these impacts. We will compose a custom paper test on Overwhelming Tax Essay Research Paper Have you or on the other hand any comparable point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Envision that you are in an all-new state name Sonoma. People groups that live in this state have a similar kind of life rule like what we appreciate now, yet simply with the income improvement rate that is twice every piece high as our own. With this high pace of income improvements, the primary employment that will get is that fiscal qualities will increment. The financial estimations of endowments, array, picture games, figuring machines, film tickets and all that we can acquire in the shopping promenade are raised. Therefore, the individuals in Sonoma won? ? T have unnecessarily much abundance cash to pass on products. With this activity alongside the state for a long clasp, shopping promenades may get down to terminate workers that Don? ? t play out each piece great ; more individuals may lose their occupations as clasp base on ballss. The outcome may force the state? ? s financial framework into a downturn. Presently, if there are a group of individuals that Don? ? T have an occupation, they will go destitute. Also, with this extreme income improvement rate, there will be a group of cultural designs for this state. With the helping guardianships of the specialists, the destitute will drop their pride and have the advantages that are given by the network. They will go so depend on the cultural advantage and won? ? t endeavor to gain an occupation. They may at present populate with the cultural advantage, however for their children, they won? ? T procure a chance to make a trip to school or overview for a higher evaluation. The accompanying coevals will only acquire the guidance that the region could gracefully them ; twelve mature ages of open guidance and go secondary school alumnuss. Another reason of the outcome of substantial rate income upgrades is that laborers may obtain lethargic. Nonetheless, this outcome can non be connected with the old two impacts. As everybody knows, most states known to mankind utilize the extent income improvement rate framework, which implies that individuals with higher salary are required to pay more income upgrades. With the normal impact of paying more income improvements when wages rise, individuals? ? s motivation behind working troublesome and securing more wages will drop. People groups realize that in the event that they gain more cash, they are heading out to pay a higher bit of income improvement, and without a vulnerability, no 1s would wish to loan more to the specialists than what they are required to. In this manner, individuals will simply obtain apathetic and relax a simpler life. Taxs have end up being perhaps the most burden in individuals? ? s life ; no 1 can escape from it. From quite a while in the past, it is unlawful for non to paying the income upgrades in light of the fact that the entire state and the accompanying coevals have relied upon the income improvements. As should be obvious, both of substantial rate income improvements or light rate income upgrades are connection to army occupations and the finishing up result will do one state to distort. Wear? ? t even consider non to pay the income improvements as a result of the individual bit of leeway.

CONVERSING WITH TWO OR MORE WRITERS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Chatting WITH TWO OR MORE WRITERS - Essay Example Albeit Matt Miller and Susan Headden have all the earmarks of being making two distinct focuses, they really concur that the American training framework requests a level of normalization. Matt Miller’s contentions worries with changes that incorporate all aspects of instruction. Dissimilar to Susan Headden, he makes a contention extending past evaluations. In the start of his article, Matt Miller gives the case of a nationalistic figure, Horace Mann, in propelling his proposition (Miller 1). He refers to Horace’s thoughts of creating regular schools that would blossom with open subsidizing and participation by all understudies. His contentions stretch over the entire range of American instructive scene by contending that the educational plan should confront national administration. Then again, Susan accepts that absence of normalized appraisal hinders the advancement of training (Headden 1). She expresses that it is hard to cause instructive strategies if partners to don't have sufficient portrayal of the genuine framework. The two creators concur that money related imbalance and constrained funds are liable for the issues slowing down the advancement of the American instructive framework. Matt contends that America has a backward expense framework that offers a larger number of advantages to the rich than it offers to the less favored people. This implies the rich people have constrained extent of their riches in tax document while the poor have a huge extent of their riches in charges. This makes an instructive ramifications on networks while raising assets for schools. Schools in rich neighborhoods can without much of a stretch raise more assets per understudy since the rich have noteworthy riches in high-esteem property. Then again, isolated networks can only with significant effort raise appropriate assets as far as dollars per understudy. Since charges speak to a sizeable level of school subsidizing, poor schools faces challenges in raising assets for basic exercises, for example,

Essay about Bosnia

Exposition about Bosnia Exposition about Bosnia Exposition about Bosnia: Topic Ideas On the off chance that you need paper about Bosnia, you will discover this article valuable. We are online every minute of every day to assist you with composing any exposition on any point and inside any cutoff time. On the off chance that you are searching for help with composing school exposition on the web or need proficient custom composing administration, don't spare a moment to put in a request at our website and get your paper composed by proficient and experienced article authors! Here are a few hints you may discover helpful for composing your exposition about Bosnia. Acquaintance is the spot with present your subject, define the reason for composing, and express the extent of research Conversation segment of your paper about Bosnia may incorporate the authentic underlying foundations of hostility of the Bosnian individuals. Break down birthplace of emergency in Bosnia and Herzegovina. You can portray breaking down of Socialist Federal Republic Yugoslavia. You may appear in your exposition about Bosnia the primary phase of peacemaking (August, 1991 - 1993): Z. Kutilero's arrangement. S. Vznsa's arrangement, D. Ouena's arrangement, and so on. Give the reasons of disappointment of the primary phase of harmony making starts. Consider the second phase of harmony making process - the alleged arrangement of Contact gathering. Consider the Dayton harmony understanding: meaningful arrangements, understanding estimation, and so forth. Composing exposition about Bosnia, audit a job of the USA and NATO over the span of contention settlement. You may require a manual for paper composing:. Exposition about Bosnia: Sources of Data The sources which can be utilized in your exposition about Bosnia can be delegated follows: - Official reports of the global associations, for example, the United Nations Organization, the International Tribunal over the previous Yugoslavia; - Diplomatic archives, the inward political declarations including the departmental documentation, parliamentary reports, correspondence of authorities; - Materials of factual and assistant character; Exposition about Bosnia: Custom Writing On the off chance that you have neither time nor want to compose paper about Bosnia, you have a chance to exploit our custom school exposition help. Our paper essayists are encountered; our costs are moderate; and our administrations are 100% genuine. We give impossible to miss consideration to the littlest subtleties of your guidance and twofold check exposition about Bosnia for unoriginality. At the point when you purchase exposition about Bosnia composing administration at our site, you can make certain to get a uniquely composed paper which meets all guidance focuses, is initially and appropriately referenced! You may likewise peruse extraordinary article on the best way to compose most loved season expositions and survey scholarly tips on convincing paper composing. Fascinating posts: Custom Beowulf Essay Piece Essay Self-portraying Essays Union Writing Steps Step by step instructions to Write a Book Report

The Theory Of The Philosophy - 1354 Words

Kantian is regarded as one of the perfect theories ever as far as an issue of morality is concerned. The theory is based on the concept of what is morally permissible by many. This means that the theory defines whether an action is morally right or wrong by evaluating how it is permissible by many in the society. Kant, a German philosopher argued that what is accepted in the society is what makes people’s lives good and that is what is moral. The theory states that even the simple things should not be ignored as far as they are accepted by universal law which is the majority people. The theory gives people the sole right to determine whether something is morally right or wrong. In the book, clones are mere ends because they were brought to†¦show more content†¦This shows that the society in the book viewed the act of cloning as an immoral act and thus according to Kantian theory, the act of cloning was morally wrong. Generally, cloning according to this theory is mora lly wrong because the majority in the society rejects the acts (Johnson 112). A right-based on moral theory, this is a theory that deals with rights of person when determining what is moral. Rights of person are usually the ones that determine the good life of a person and thus they are more related to molarity. The theory explains that very categories of individuals have their rights which they enjoy and they are not supposed to be compromised where these rights are based on what makes the lives of these people good. The theory further states that anything that compromises these rights is said to be immoral (Mackie 34). This theory can be applied directly to the book. To start with, clones as described earlier in the paper are humans. If they are humans, they have all the rights of human beings. For example, they have the right to make their own decisions, they have the right to live and they also have the right to have children. However, clones in the book have been denied or the above rights because Kathy and her partners cannot reproduce and they die before their age, they give out their organs against their will and they do what the school says, but not what they want. This shows that school has compromised their rights. In this case, the

Analysis Of Homer s Odyssey By Homer Essay - 1479 Words

The word â€Å"Family†, according to Merriam Webster, is thought to be a group of people brought together by common affiliation. The same cannot be said for the culture in the Odyssey by Homer. In the Odyssey, Odysseus is trying to get back home from fighting in the Trojan War. He has been away from home for almost 20 years longing to just be reunited with his kinfolk. Along the way, he comes across many obstacles that hinders him from reaching his home and family in in Ithaca. Luckily, the memories of his wife, Penelope and his son, Telemachus, brings him to the realization that he has to return to his homeland. Family in this epic holds a much higher level of prestige and is not taken lightly. This can be found in many families in the odyssey. For example, there is Achilles who, while conversing with Odysseus in the underworld, asks about his child and how his family is doing. There is also Menelaus who just wants to do right by his children, but the most impressive example of a family tie is the connection between Odysseus, Telemachus, and Penelope in this story. In the Odyssey by Homer, translated by Stanley Lombardo, Family plays an extremely important role in the lives if Odysseus, Penelope, and Telemachus. Odysseus’s motivation for making it home through such trying circumstances was his love for his family. Among his many trials and tribulations include three that were difficult to get through. These three examples are Circe’s Island, Calypso’s Island, and theShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Homer s Odyssey By Homer1202 Words   |  5 Pagescoping with the idea of losing his father and letting others to rule Ithaca. It is noticeable from the beginning of The Odyssey, written by Homer that Telemachus finds himself in a complicated situation where his life is seen to be in danger. He is a character of being distance from people. The idea of Telemachus becoming his own father, threatens suitor’s control in Ithaca. Homer describes Telemachus as a teenager who has not found himself and is on a mission to become an adult as his father. TelemachusRead MoreAnalysis Of Homer s Odyssey By Homer1095 Words   |  5 Pagesused in Homer’s Odyssey is the digression. T he digression is departure from the main storyline that does not alter the action of the story, but adds a layer of sentimental content to the plot which usually helps underscore themes central to the story. The digressions in the Odyssey are meticulously written with great attention to detail just like the rest of the epic, and they truly help readers grasp the important aspects of the story. The liberal use of digression in the Odyssey helps build a vividRead MoreAnalysis Of Homer s Odyssey By Homer2018 Words   |  9 PagesThe Odyssey by Homer is more light in tone than the Iliad, of the same author: The good wins while the evil is punished. Even though the gods are still strict, the relationship between Odysseus and Athena is a more sincere and equal a relationship than between God and Man in the Iliad. Odysseus is distinguished not only by his bravery, but largely by his intellect and cunning. He is the type of resourceful man whom never gives up, thinks of the causes, is reve rent and never gives in. The Odyssey isRead MoreAnalysis Of Homer s Odyssey, By Homer915 Words   |  4 PagesThroughout the Odyssey, the hero, Odysseus is portrayed in two different and contradicting lights: the wise hero and the capricious leader blinded by his own pride. The epic writer, Homer, embodies the theme of hubris throughout Odysseus’ journey home. The idea of hubris, a trait of excessive pride, significantly develops personalities of characters within The Odyssey, and Homer ultimately creates a statement about excessive pride. The dual portrayal of Odysseus leads the reader to ultimatelyRead MoreAnalysis Of Homer s The Odyssey 1483 Words   |  6 PagesViolence in The Odyssey Violence in Literature can take any form, whether it be natural disaster like and earthquake or a human based disaster like war (Campbell). In Homer’s The Odyssey both types are found†¦ whether it’s Odysseus’s hardships like making it home or dealing with the wrath of the god Poseidon. Every violent scene has its own reasons, some are more reasonable than others. For instance, the gods were angered by the disobedience of the mortals, this is more reasonable than the killingRead MoreAnalysis Of Homer s The Odyssey 795 Words   |  4 Pages Odysseus Epic Hero In the Epic, â€Å"The Odyssey, spoken by Homer, conveys a heroic tale of an epic hero named, Odysseus, who faces many challenges as he sails to get home. One of the tasks Odysseus faces is, The Sirens, who challenge Odysseus s will power. Another challenge Odysseus encounters is, â€Å"The Cyclops, who torments and slaughters some of Odysseus s men due to his curiosity. One of the hardest threats he had to confront was, â€Å"The Land ofRead MoreAnalysis Of Homer s The Odyssey1636 Words   |  7 PagesGreek society, Homer’s The Odyssey provides a detailed insight into the values of this intricate culture. In particular, this epic discusses the ways in which the deathless gods influence the fates of the mortals. The overall impact of the gods’ power is the mental straining that emerges from the unrelenting conflict of man versus immortal. Likewise, the actions and misfortunes of others also catalyze this extremely significant and powerful mental battle. Homerâ€⠄¢s The Odyssey reveals the values of ancientRead MoreAnalysis Of Homer s The Odyssey 1128 Words   |  5 Pages The Odyssey shows a lot of different stereotypes for women throughout the book, taking action to get what they want. Odysseus is trying to get back home after ten long years since the fall of troy, and his son is going out to find him. Throughout the book Odysseus meets lots of woman who vary in personality. He meets woman with the stereotypes: â€Å"mantis†- dominant, eats its mate, destroys to gain power, feared by many. â€Å"Damsel in distress†- persecuted maiden, woman placed in a dire predicament requiresRead MoreAnalysis Of Homer s The Odyssey 1455 Words   |  6 PagesMarch 4th, 2016 Odysseus’s Voyage from Pride to Modesty In the Odyssey, Homer portrays Odysseus as a strong, courageous leader who not only uses his physical strength, but also, his wit to problem solve and defeat his opponents. While Odysseus possesses many valuable traits that help him become the great leader he is, he also has one major character flaw--his hubris. Through his long trek back home to his wife and estate in the Odyssey, we see Odysseus slowly grow as a person and become slightly moreRead MoreAnalysis Of Homer s The Odyssey 1240 Words   |  5 PagesOdyssey Character List 1) Agamemnon - (ag-uh-men-non) In Greek legend, he was the king of Mycenae or Argos. When paris (Alexandros), son of King Priam of Troy, carried off Helen , Agamemnon called on the princes of the country to unite in a war of revenge against the Trojans. 2) Alcinous- (Al- KIN-oh-us) In the Odyssey, he was the king of Phaeacians. He offered Odysseus hospitality in his island kingdom of Scheria. Alcinous hears the story of Odysseus wanderings and provides him with safe passage

Police Discretion - 2131 Words

Discretion is defined as the authority to make a decision between two or more choices (Pollock, 2010). More specifically, it is defined as â€Å"the capacity to identify and to document criminal and noncriminal events† (Boivin ump; Cordeau, 2011). Every police officer has a great deal of discretion concerning when to use their authority, power, persuasion, or force. Depending on how an officer sees their duty to society will determine an officer’s discretion. Discretion leads to selective enforcement practices and may result in discrimination against certain groups of people or select individuals (Young, 2011). Most police officer discretion is exercised in situational situations with individuals (Sherman, 1984). Discrimination can lead to†¦show more content†¦The Los Angeles Police Department in the 1980s and 1990s would act on a tip and destroy homes by breaking toilets, ripping sofas, and spray painting â€Å"LAPD Rules!† on the walls. These acts by t he Los Angeles Police Department prove the culture of the department will have an influence on the individual officer (Pollock, 2010). Police departments have use-of-force policies that specify when force may be used and the proper level of force to be used under given circumstances. Most departments use a continuum-of-force approach that allows proportional force to the suspect’s resistance. The level of force by an officer increases in direct response to escalating resistance of the suspect. Policies such as this one have been put into place following many humiliating acts of excessive force. The policies are in place in an attempt to prevent future acts of excessive force (Pollock, 2010). Studies on Police Discretion National studies on police behavior have failed to adequately address the issue of police discretion. Due to the lack of important research data, analysts have developed suggestions on how to improve an individual officer’s discretion by educating the entire department on proper use of discretion. The current suggestions are focused on officers in higher ranks developing an educational program for their department addressing areas of needs they have observed. They are the eyes of the department, and it is there job to know what their officersShow MoreRelatedPolice Discretion1244 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿ Police Discretion Jocelyn Golphin University of the District of Columbia Criminal Justice System 2/21/2014 Golphin 2 Police discretion is a very important approach in matters concerning criminal justice. There has been a consistent problem between enforcing the law and the spirit of the law. Discretion in the broader sense can be defined as the individual’s ability to make a decision basing on the principle of courses of the action. During trainingRead MorePolice Discretion1050 Words   |  5 PagesPolice Discretion Police discretion is the ability to choose a course of action because of broad limits of power. It refers to the autonomy an officer has in choosing an appropriate course of action (The Police In America, 113). It includes authority to decide which of the various means of helping the helpless, maintaining order, and keeping the peace are best suited to particular circumstances (www.worldandi.com/specialreport/1989/january/Sa15878.htm). The police need to have discretionRead MorePolice Discretion1548 Words   |  7 PagesPolice Discretion David Gonzalez University of Phoenix Introduction to Policing CJA/370 Professor John W. Feltgen June 23, 2005 Abstract In this paper I will discuss police discretion and the use of these discretionary powers in the law enforcement workplace. I will explore the mythical aspects of police discretionary powers and the source of this myth. I will further discuss the control of discretionary authority. I will name instances of law enforcement officials using their discretionary powersRead MorePolice Abuse Of Discretion And Discretion2015 Words   |  9 Pages Police Abuse of Discretion William Powell Jr. American Military University Professor Robert Arruda CMRJ303 Criminology January 17, 2014 Abstract Utilizing the research from several sources and personal experience, this paper will discuss police abuse of discretion. The paper will begin by defining discretion. The paper will examine several types of discretion variables. The paper will discuss its use in the field and office settings. The paper will discussRead MorePolice Discretion1418 Words   |  6 PagesPolice discretion by definition is the power to make decisions of policy and practice. Police have the choice to enforce certain laws and how they will be enforced. Some law is always or almost always enforced, some is never or almost never enforced, and some is sometimes enforced and sometimes not (Davis, p.1). Similarly with discretion is that the law may not cover every situation a police officer encounters, so they must use their discretion wisely. Until 1956, people thought of police discretionRead MoreDefinition Of Discretion And Police Discretion2054 Words   |  9 PagesThe term discretion has several meanings the liberty to decide what should be done in a specific circumstance is one general universal definition. But when dealing with criminal justice and police work the description changes a bit. The criminal justice definition of discretion is Police discretion discusses the authority given to a police officer that allows him or her to decide how to best handle a certain situation. This is designed at increasing the flexibility of the criminal justice systemRead MorePolice Discretion2677 Words   |  11 PagesFrom a criminological perspective discretion can be defined as the authority granted by law to agencies and officials to act on their own considered judgement and conscience in certain situations; and each area of the legal system (judges, parliament and law enforcement) has its own discretion. Police discretion is the ability granted by the legal system to police offices, in certain situations, to act in a manner that allows authorities to make responsible decisions and individ ual choices or judgmentsRead MoreEssay on Police Discretion1425 Words   |  6 PagesPolice Discretion Discretion, uncertainly, and inefficiently are rampant and essential in criminal justice. Nobody expects perfection. That would neither be good nor fair. Justice is a sporting event in which playing fair is more important than winning. Law enactment, enforcement, and administration all involve trading off the possibility of perfect outcomes for security against the worst outcomes. Policing is the most visible part of this: employees on the bottom have more discretion thanRead MoreDisadvantages Of Police Discretion835 Words   |  4 PagesAssignment 2 Discretion can be defined as the availability of choice of options or actions. We all use discretion each and every day with all the decisions we make in our day to day lives. With that being said police also use discretion but theirs have the ability to change people’s lives on the daily basis. They have to make those decisions each and every day not knowing how it will affect the person’s life. Discretion is something that is a very necessary part of police work. One of the reasonRead MoreEssay On Police Discretion1053 Words   |  5 PagesPolice Discretion is one of the many tool officers have a choice to use when making decision in enforcing the law. Officer have the option to use discretion were the officers see fit. They do not have to issue a citation or arrest in many cases a warning many be justified. Many of the outcomes could be determine by several factors which include the subjects attitude, the crime and the person past history. In some cases, a subjectà ¢â‚¬â„¢s social status and financial status in the community have also have

Challenging My Beliefs Essay Example For Students

Challenging My Beliefs Essay I am not a competition dancer. They spend at least fifteen hours a week in the studio pushing to do five pirouettes into a back illusion into a tilt, all perfectly in sync. The focus is winning, and they strive to learn combinations as quickly as possible. At my studio, we study the art of dance. While we learn the same tricks as competition dancers, impressive leaps and turns arent the focuses of our end-of-year performance pieces. Even in my advanced jazz class, there is no requirement to master tricks. It is an individual learning process and everyone has their own limits. Our teachers emphasize dance as a storytelling medium, to engage audience members and affect them in deeply personal ways. When I attended the 2013 Maryland Council for Dance, I took a class called Jumps Trix and Turns taught by a petite dancer with unbelievable core control. I grimaced at the combination she gave us, knowing from past experience that I could not do a triple pirouette turning three times in a row on one set of toes with the other leg bent at the knee. I had been trying to master it for several years and every time, I had fallen off my leg before finishing. I sighed and told myself to try my best, but I knew I wouldnt be able to pull it off. The competition dancers, on the other hand, nodded confidently as though they had been doing triples since they could walk. As the other dancers lined up in the front and took their turns, they displayed horribly flexed feet and warped alignment even as they were inexplicably turning beyond triples. These were the flaws that I had worked for years to fix. Everything that would prevent me from turning ran through my head at once leaning back, the pass at the ankle instead of at the knee, flimsy arms, poor spotting all things that I knew I had problems with, and could fix. Wow, I thought. They can pull off those turns without technique on their side. What could I, with my strong foundation, do? I had never done more than a double pirouette in jazz class, but I realized that fear of failure may have been the only thing holding me back. With technique, it was not impossible for me; it just had never been done. It was time to challenge my own irrational conviction that my skill had plateaued. When it was my turn, I carefully set up my preparation: feet pointed, legs straight, arms stable, and torso stacked. I took a deep breath, remembered all my fixable technique problems, did a pas de bourre to prepare, and despite the unforgiving high school gym floor, I pulled off my very first triple pirouette. I smiled, nodding confidently as though I had been doing triples since I could walk. When I attended modern class a few days later, the fear was gone, and dedication had taken its place. The week before, I didnt know if I could pull off the combinations harder sections, so I played it safe and didnt put all my effort into it. But the Wednesday after Maryland Council, as I was performing in a group for the class, I remembered conquering my triple pirouette and the six years of technique ingrained in my body, and I shot energy out of every extended limb and finger to perfectly suspend a perpendicular Horton tilt.

Effective Performance Management

Performance management includes the steps, measures or actions taken to ensure goals are accomplished or targets are met in an organization, institution, a group etc. it may also include the process of building a product or a service. Performance management when carried out appropriately helps employees know that their efforts are recognized and acknowledged (Neal, 2002).Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Effective Performance Management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Performance management is a continuous process of interaction and discussion between the management or supervisor and the employees. It is a continuous communication process, which includes identifying and setting targets/goals, obtaining feedback and evaluating the results. Effective Performance management Effective performance management requires that a foundation be set to reward good work and motivation to the employees or workers. This can be done through: Explaining the link or rather the connection between individual employee works efforts with the institution or organization’s objectives – The employees should understand how each person’s input contributes to the organization’s wellbeing. Focusing on setting very clear targets – Targets are the performance expectations. Targets help employees get to know what is actually expected of them and work towards it (Mannix, 2005). Apart from the laid down performance expectations, the employees should be encouraged to set targets for themselves. Personal targets would ensure eventual attainment of the company’s target. Setting performance dimensions, setting work standards and use of objectives – This provides the organization or department have a concrete rationale on what needs to be done and what needs to be done away with. This provides a useful platform for the elimination of the non-important segments of work and helps m aintain focus on the essential parts. Regular updates and discussions – This includes regular performance assessment discussions in order to identify shortcomings or problem earlier enough and devise ways of alleviating them. This may include changing the course of an operation just to avoid an indicated future problem. Coming up with an effective management procedure is quite demanding in terms of time and the workers – It is also a motivator, helps the organization set goals and employees abilities be recognized in relation to their target attainment. Steps to successful performance management Planning Drawing a plan is very important since a plan works as the guideline and the basis of operation. Planning should be based on performance expectations, which entail results plus actions (Dick, 1992). A plan should also be written and verifiable. The written plan should be understood mutually by the employees. Performance expectations Results are calculated with the use of objectives, standards and targets. Actions are often measured by means of performance dimensions. In order to perform, employees have to understand what the expectations are. They need to have an up-to date description on the job. A good job description describes the responsibilities, tasks and essential duties. The knowledge and skill requirements of the job should also be well illustrated on the job description (McCuiston, 2004). Expected performance must go beyond the description of the job. A high quality job performance is based on the range of expected outcomes and assessment of issues such as:Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The goods and services to provide Impact of the job on the overall organization How the employee is likely to interact and fit in with colleagues, the management or even clients. The organizational values that the employee has to exhibit Mea ns, procedures or processes the employee is expected to use in the job When focusing on performance expectations, the employee needs to know the reason for the existence of the job and know how or where the job fits in the organization. In addition, the employee needs to understand the link between the job responsibilities to the organizational mission and objectives. Performance expectations act as the basis for communicating performance. They form the basis for assessing the performance of individual employees. An employer or a supervisor, being in charge of clear objectives and expectations that have to be attained, decides on ways to achieve success. Written and verifiable expectations A written plan Serves as a basis for communicating on performance expectations Helps employees know and understand the accepted and non-accepted outcomes. Enables the employees to assess and know when they have performed what others were expecting of them. When employees discover that they have performed according to expectations, they become satisfied and even draw self-inspiration. Enables the new employees know or rather understand and internalize what is expected of them. The new employees get informed about performance expectations. A plan puts everything in the open thus encouraging an open relationship between the management and the employees. Putting expectations in writing A well-written summary of a planning discussion during the planning process provides an essential record of the mutual understanding and agreement on the expectations (Ely, 2001). Putting in writing, the expectations i.e. the expected targets/ objectives, the expected actions is important in: Allocation of resources Budget discussions Program prioritization Mutually written expectations also aid in focusing feedback and minimizing complications when it comes to the time of result and performance analysis. Verification of performance expectation Performance expectations should be able to be ve rified. Early in the performance management cycle-plan the employee together with the contributions of the management should be able to point out on how and where the indicators of employee performance will be obtained. The quantifiable expectations are the easiest to assess. However, most of the time expectations are not easily measurable. These are known as the qualitative expectations, which can basically be made verifiable through stating the criteria to be followed, behaviors to b displayed plus the target dates to meet. It is important to find out how performance will be verified at the time when assigning the various responsibilities. This assists the employees to keep track of their performance and make consultations when necessary.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Effective Performance Management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Ways of verifying performance Performance can be verified in many ways. Som e of the commonly applied ways include: Using specific and observable job products – This implies the tangible features, which can be easily reviewed without the employee necessarily being present. Use of Reports and records – Records such as attendance records, safety records, financial records and inventories are essential indicators of employee performance. Through direct observation of an employee performance Using a rating scale – This is a scale that defines behaviors at various performance levels. The rate scale measures what is called the behaviorally anchored rating scales. Critical comments or commendations received on the employee’s performance. The commendations or comments could be obtained from clients or even colleagues. Making use of direct observations – This is particularly possible in jobs with built-in feedbacks. Check-In: Providing Observation and Feedback After the performance targets and objectives are set, it is important to observe an employee’s performance and have regular check-ins. The check-ins is meant to provide feedback and it is upon the employer or the management to inoculate pleasant performance into an employee. Some jobs have built in feedbacks, such as an electrician repairing a switch and the switch working. This type of feedback is immediate and hence is very effective. As a manager, one gives informal feedback very frequently. By providing and observing detailed feedback, the management plays a very essential role in developing the employee and assisting in assuring continued success in achieving the performance expectations. Coaching This is a method of communication with an employee stronger. Coaching is essentially used during check-in sessions. These are the sessions to discuss with the employers not only the performance expectations but also on how to achieve the expectations in line with the organization’s mission (Bacal, 2002). Coaching aids in shaping performanc e and it also increases the likelihood of an employee meeting the set targets or rather the set performance expectations. Assessment Assessment is the final phase of the performance management cycle. Assessment provides a very important opportunity for the management to discuss or rather exchange with the employee about previous performance, assess the employee’s morale, and draw plans for the worker’s future performance targets and expectations (Zaffron, 2009).Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It is always strongly suggested that employees should be assessed on annual basis but it is rather important to assess employees more frequently. In this way, it is easier to monitor progress and even acknowledge performance. Round the office management This is management focused mainly in the operations within the office. It focuses on activities and functioning of an office. Office management covers such areas as work manuals, work rules, hours of work, attendance and personnel files. All these should be handled appropriately and cautiously (Austin, 2000). Delegation This is a way of consistently providing directions and careful instructions to the workers. When work is delegated appropriately, the staff is able to learn new skills and expertise, which would help them be more productive and be self-reliant. As a supervisor, one has to assess the employee’s abilities to complete and accept duties assigned to them. Managing employee reorganizations Reorganization refers to ch anges, which occur in an organization’s staffing, programs and resources. How to manage reorganization Identify the problem. Examine the existing jobs and structures and determine whether they satisfy departmental goals. Setting up ways and means for collecting input from staff.: These include Doing verbal, written, or even computer surveys Establishing problem-solving teams Setting up review committees Interaction in the Workplace Diversity in the Workplace Workforce diversity implies the inclusion of individuals of all walks of life into the workforce (Daniels, 2004). It also acknowledges that people vary in abilities, gender, socio-cultural, age and even experiences. The current political, social and economical events induce managers, entrepreneurs and politicians to regard diversity management as a priority of their agenda. Also apart from ensuring complete exploitation of employee abilities, proper diversity management can contribute organizational achievement throug h enabling access to a dynamic market Communication Communication is an essential tool used in performance management. Good communication can help an organization: Improve relationships and also instill teamwork. Communication helps conjugate staff and ensures smooth flow of information in the work place. To develop and improve performance and output Ensures an open and creative environment, information sharing enhances creativity since the staff obtain variety of information from colleagues and also from the employer or management. To solve its problems effectively and efficiently Managing Conflict Conflicts Conflicts are basically disagreements. In conflicts, no party is wrong. In addition, in place, different groups or persons collide and this brings about disagreement (Routledge, 2009). In most conflicts, neither party is right or wrong; instead, different perceptions collide to create disagreement. Conflict is always there, it is a natural occurrence and it is up to you to st and up against conflicts professionally in order to arrive at solutions. The outcome a conflict solving process depends on the approach. A conflict can turn out as very positive if handled positively and openly. Problem correction is a way of strengthening the work unit. A conflict in views can at times be very resourceful. It gives someone an opportunity to learn about self, learn how to explore other people’s views and even promotes productive and healthy relationships. Resolving Conflict Situations In order to manage a conflict professionally one must have adequate skills in communication (Nemeth, 2011). This can be achieved through creation of an open environment whereby everyone is free to air their views, talk about experiences and also state any difficulty they might be facing in executing their duties. It is important to listen to the employees’ views (Tally, 2000). It is also necessary to create an open environment whereby one feels free to air views without f ear of victimization of any sort. It is important to understand their plights and grievances and also to ask questions concerning their raised concerns. When faced with employees who find it diffi9cult to resolve their own conflicts: First, acknowledge that a problem exists and a solution is vital. Inform yourself with the problem; get to know the root cause. Get to know the emotions or feelings behind the conflict since some conflicts are based on emotions and feelings such as anger. Ensure that the feelings are expressed and acknowledge them. Single out the problem. Learn the negative impact of the conflict on the job or on the said parties’ relationships, meet with the parties or rather employees differently at first and listen to each of their statements separately. Identify the crucial need. First, look for needs before looking into solutions. Starting with the need is a powerful tool in conflict resolution. Finally resolve to a solution that either the colliding partie s or persons can live with. In most cases, it is not a matter of deciding on who is wrong and who is right. Find the common areas of agreement. Do follow up. This involves monitoring the proceedings for a period of time. Scheduling a meeting with the conflicting parties say after about two weeks to determine how the parties are faring is very necessary. Decide on the next cause of action if the problem still lies unresolved. If the existence of the conflict is detrimental to the operations of the department or organization then it is important that solutions be sought elsewhere. An external facilitator such as the staff ombudsman may be important at this stage. Conflict resolution may sometimes even involve performance appraisals, may become a coaching topic or subject to disciplinary action. Most conflicts however always are as a result of anger. One very effective method of defusing anger is through effective listening (Coens, 2002). When anger is directed towards oneself, it is always difficult to respond definitively and decisively simply because one’s emotions are always involved. Sexual harassment Sexual harassment is another form or rather cause of conflict at the workplace. Preventing Sexual Harassment In order to effectively curb sexual harassment, there are a number of points to note. Always monitor and be on the lookout for any forms of sexual harassment at the workplace. Watch out for any unbecoming behaviors that may tend towards sexual harassment. Bring up the subject of sexual harassment at the organizational meetings or any other forms of staff meetings and express dire consequences and disapproval for the offence. Inform every one of the organization’s policies and stands on the issue of sexual harassment. Communicate and distribute harassment policy and complaint resolution processes to all the employees. Let everyone know which behaviors amount to sexual harassment. You may post the official sexual harassment brochure for the entire organization to read and acquaint themselves with the policies. Performance management cycles This refers to any systematic approach to performance management. This basically involves the use of relevant measures and indications, regularly monitoring procedures to isolate and identify achievements and using the information obtained to rectify or modify plans (Shen et al., 2009). Performance management cycle is represented in four stages. Planning entails identifying the performance required and ways of scaling or measuring achievement. Doing involves encouraging performance and ensuring that the performance is to the required standard. Support and development are also provided. Conclusion Managing performance or managing employees ensures effective delivery and attainment of a company or organization’s visions (Aubrey, 1999). There is always a direct correlation between having a functional performance management system and improved business or organizational results. The results are obtained in the form of: direct financial gains, motivated workforce and improved management control. According to the U.S. Office of Personnel Management indicates that Performance Management is a system or process whereby: Performance Expectations are set and there is effective planning of work Monitoring is done on all the aspects of work There is development and enhancement of Staff ability. There is rating and summarization of performance. Rewards are given to the top performers. References Aubrey, C 1999, Bringing out the Best in People, McGraw-Hill, New York. Austin, J Carr, J 2000, Handbook of Applied Behavior Analysis, Context Press, New York. Bacal, R 2002, Performance management; a briefcase book, Stanford University Press,   Stanford. Coens, T 2002, Abolishing performance appraisals; why do they backfire, Ashgate Publishing, Aldershot. Daniels, A 2004, Performance Management: Changing Behavior that Drives  Organizational Effectiveness. Context Pre ss, New York. Dick, G 1992, Complete guide to performance appraisal, McGraw Hill, New York. Ely, R Thomas, D 2001, ‘Cultural Diversity at Work: The Effects of Diversity Perspectives on Work Group Processes Outcomes’, Administrative Science Quarterly, Vol.46, No.6, pp. 229-273. Mannix, E Neale, M 2005, ‘What Differences Make a Difference? The Promise and Reality of Diverse Teams in Organizations’, Psychological Science in the Public  Interest, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 31-55. McCuiston, V, Wooldrige, R Pierce, C 2004, ‘Leading the diverse workforce. Profit, prospects and progress’, The Leadership Organization Development Journal, vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 73-92. Neal, J 2002, Effective phrases for performance management, Ashgate Publishing, Aldershot. Nemeth, C Klein, G 2011, The naturalistic decision making perspective, John Wiley and Sons, New York. Routledge T Francis, G 2009, ‘Performance management’, Journal of Organizational  Beh avior Management, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 123-432. Tally, G 2000, Effective phrases for performance management, Ashgate Publishing, Aldershot. Shen, J, Chanda, A, D’Netto, B, Monga, M 2009, ‘Managing diversity through human resource management: an international perspective and conceptual framework’, The  International Journal of Human Resource Management, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 235–251. Zaffron, L Steve, D 2009, Performance Management: The Three Laws of  Performance: Rewriting the Future of Your Organization and Your Life. John Wiley and Sons, New York. This report on Effective Performance Management was written and submitted by user Eden Kerr to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Charter and public schools in the United States of America

Charter and public schools in the United States of America Introduction Charter and public schools in the United States of America are facing a myriad of challenges stemming from external and internal pressure. Externally, both public and charter schools are required to perform well during examinations. Anderson and Holder (2012) carried out a longitudinal study to investigate the ten years annual reports of the two local charter schools in the United States of America.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Charter and public schools in the United States of America specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The study utilized information from various sources, such as document analyses, site visits along with various and numerous interviews. The findings of this study revealed that the two schools under study received a lot of feedback regarding its administration, curriculum and evaluation. CER (Center for education reform) describes a charter school as an innovative public school that is accountable to pupils/students outcomes as well as developed into offer programs that are modified to meet the desires or needs of the community they serve. In the year 1992, a first charter school was opened in the city of Saint Paul within the state of Minnesota. Presently, there are at least 4,100 charter schools in the United States of America, which accommodate more than 1.2 million students (Bailey, 2009). The District of Columbia and 42 states in the U.S. have laws, which are associated with the charter school. In every charter school, there is a board of governors that are responsible for making critical decision in regards to the school. Besides, there are also sponsors in charter schools who play an integral role in monitoring as well as approving application to ensure that there is success in this school. Statement of the Problem The core reason why charter schools were initiated was to increase the academic option in the public school system. Peebles (2004) defin es curriculum as the entire issues that take place within the school. They include interpersonal link, guidance, extracurricular activities as well as academic work. Peebles further points out that curriculum entails cultural dissonance, academic expectation of the parents, teachers’ support as well as experience in addition to instructional leadership. Peebles carried out a case study to examine four issues associated with curriculum in the Marblehead charter school.Advertising Looking for research paper on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The issues explored included cultural dissonance, academic expectation, teacher training and experience as well as instructional leadership. Peebles also asserts that, in order for the charter schools to develop, they must move via various critical stages. These stages encompass pre-operational phase, operational phase as well as institutional operational stage. A s pointed out by Anderson and Holder (2012), operational and pre-operational activities have the capacity to impede the opening of charter schools and as such, great focus should be directed to them in the course of the beginning phases of the charter schools development. The director of Marblehead charter school placed more focus on the survival of the school, such as curriculum development, development as well as staff and instruction supervision. Background of the Problem The desire to perform well is putting a lot of pressure on both, charter and public schools to constantly review their curriculum in an effort to compete effectively. Skilton-Sylvester(2011) opine that present day principles and managers of public and charter schools are required to constantly monitor and evaluate efficacy of their curriculum, review and implement new strategies and tactics in order to improve the performance of students in schools. Autonomy as well as teachers leadership are critical tenets in the development of a school’s curriculum. Several studies have demonstrated that inexperienced teachers do not contribute enough to the development of a school curriculum. Purpose of the Study Charter and public schools in the United States of America have to combat a number of challenges because of external and internal pressure. Externally, both public and charter schools need to show good results during examinations. Internally, some schools have inexperienced teachers and poor curriculum that does not enhance performance of students. Developing a comprehensive and effective curriculum in both charter and public schools will provide a platform for these schools to perform well in examinations.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Charter and public schools in the United States of America specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More As noted by Peebles (2004), an inexperienced and poor teacher has the potential to unconstructively affect the outcome of students even after the students have left the class. In the process of defining a curriculum, it is critical that teachers possess a detailed apprehension of approaches for assessing the outcome of students, techniques for assessing curricula as well as instructional delivery and the content of the curriculum. Besides, when developing a curriculum, teachers should be given sufficient time to plan, to create, to adopt and to assess the curriculum. Numerous studies have revealed that one of the reasons why students migrate from one school to another is attributed mainly to students poor academic performance. Most parents who are not contented with grades of their children received during the process of studying at school are more than wiling to transfer their children to another school. The significance of the Problem Students have different abilities in a given or particular classroom. We can hardly have a one-size lesson package which can fit all students in the class. Learning procedures and abilities differ across the classroom. As a result, there is a need for a lesson tailored to fit a specific group of students with a common liability or problem. The lesson must address these needs for effectiveness and benefits of the students. At the same time, the needs of students are divers. This means that teachers should tailor their teaching profession in a specific way in order to meet specific needs of the students. The teacher in this case faces a challenging task of ensuring that he or she has the needed and required skills for some particular needs. Differentiated instruction is an area in the teaching profession which is harnessed for providing specific needs to students. Given that students have specific needs that must be catered for by differentiated instructions, there is the need for developing an area for students professional development for the differentiated instruction. In this paper, differentiated instructi on for students with difficulties in learning the English language in a mathematics class will be addressed and looked at. Mathematics Learning in English Language Mathematics is a core subject in all disciplines. The subject is a must-learn for students in various disciplines. Mathematics is majorly taught in English. This is because of the ease with which the language is used in relation to mathematical expressions. The United States of America, the United Kingdom, and some countries in Africa use English in mathematics classes. At the same time, the United Kingdom and the United States of America have non-English speaking population who are schooling in the same. As a result, mathematical textbooks used in this setting are written in the English language. The same text books are used in African countries in the mathematical curriculum.Advertising Looking for research paper on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Teachers in training colleges are taught in English and as a result, they infer the same to students in English. At the same time, there is no discrimination in education settings. Consequently, students are huddled together in the same learning environment irrespective of their ethnic backgrounds (Bender, 2002). Students who have English as their second language find it hard to cope with in a mathematics class as they are faced with two tasks that ought to be accomplished simultaneously. The first task entails learning the English language, whereas the second task involves learning mathematics itself. Due to this, the students who have the English language as their second language struggle to grasp concepts in mathematics class. This happens due to the fact that when the lessons are delivered, teachers do not discriminate students but deliver the lesson with an assumption that they are grasping the concept irrespective of the language deficiency. Given that teachers cannot speak an d learn the first language for every student in class, there is a need for them to offer differentiated instruction to students in this area. Differentiated instruction is vital to students with learning disabilities as teachers are trained to give instructions with a generalized idea on the same (American Institutes for Research, 2010). Differentiating Mathematical Instruction for English Language Learners Mathematics classes have normally diverse students. The common diversity is seen in terms of ethnic backgrounds. In a mathematics class, about 30% of the students are normally the English language learners. As a result, they differ in the learning abilities, facilities, and styles. The English language learners find it hard to cope with the material in this class. The purpose of differentiation in a mathematics class is to teach the victimized students with the aid of myriads of techniques and strategies that address their deficiencies. This implies that the main focus is on the teacher. The teacher is supposed to come up with strategies in order to implement the differentiation instruction. In this case, the teacher is supposed to be equipped with professional techniques needed to address this issues (Tomlinson, 1999). In this project, the professionalism involved in differentiation mathematical instructions for the English language learners are going to be discussed and highlighted. The Objectives The purpose of differentiating the mathematical instructions for the English language learners is to make the lesson of mathematics comprehensible for all students in the class. Through this concept, the students are supposed to achieve the needed mathematical concept despite their language barriers. As a result, the teacher is supposed to ensure that the students express the numbers or concept used to solve a certain mathematical expression in writing or orally. This involves ensuring that the lesson is not given as it is written in the books but rather is made for the students (Glencoe, 2005). Assessment Methods Before implementing as well as also during and after implementing the strategies involved in the learning process, the teacher is supposed to make an assessment of the class and students in order to identify the needs of the students. There are several methods that can be used. The first method is examination of the records. In this case, the teacher is supposed to carefully examine or review the test score of the students in previous mathematical tests. He or she is also supposed to check the daily assignments and the wording used in the students’ books. Assessment should be done at the beginning of the term or the period the teacher has taken over. Assessments can also be done through a one-on-one talk with the student in case the class is small. In addition, assessment can also be done through testing a learning style inventory that can work best to the students. This is possible through ascertaining the topic that best suits the students (American Institutes for Research, 2010). For this case, the students should be given topics, such as algebra and statistics. Assessment should also be assessed for their progress. This should be done through the skills levels, learning style and thinking skills among many other issues. At the end of every period, the teacher should give the students some projects and evaluate the same to see the extent to which they have grasped the concept (Baker, Gersten, Lee, 2002). The Strategies Making Expressions Banks The strategy consists in making the use of diagrams that show expressions and phrases that are helpful in the English language learners’ (ELLs) study of mathematics. This occurs because when the words used by a teacher are accompanied by diagrams and illustrations, they help the ELLs understand various mathematical concepts and have the memory stick accordingly. The Use of Manipulative Tools These are gadgets that a teacher should employ in the cours e of teaching in order to ease understanding. These manipulative tools are made to help the students come up with physical illustrations which comprise the mathematical expressions. Having a student come up with a physical mathematical model by himself or herself will boost his or her confidence and motivate them to understanding the mathematical concept easily and qucikly (Scholastic Instructor, 2010). Modify a Teacher Talk and Practice Wait Time The teacher should not engage in a lot of talking without giving time to ask questions. Also, when asking a question, some time in order to generate answers should be given to the students in the class. Writing the question on the board helps a lot as well as it helps to stress the most major concepts in the mathematical language (Scholastic Instructor, 2010). Eliciting Nonverbal Responses The English language learners are in most cases used to nonverbal communication. As such, the teacher should be keen to notice their understanding of co ncepts by simply observing their behavior and reactions while teaching (Scholastic Instructor, 2010). The Use of Sentence Frames The English language learners understand sentence frames quite well in their English language. Therefore, the use of such statements while expressing mathematical concept will foster the students understanding. Design Different Questions and Prompts at Each Proficiency Level Asking question gives students a chance to express and confirm their understanding of the subject. Also, it helps the teacher know if the concepts taught in the class having been grasped or not. The Use of Prompts to Support Student’s Responses The use of prompts to support student’s responses entails giving a certain way of answering a question to the English language learners. Such prompts help them to be confident while expressing their answers during the lesson Consider Language and Math Skills When Grouping Students Interacting in a group level gives students an oppo rtunity to learn new ideas as well as overcome difficulties which they might have had in understanding some mathematical concepts. Therefore, grouping students with different abilities together helps their learning to a great extent. Those people who support the education for the ELL suggest that common core academic standards should be implemented with an aim of raising achievement for the English learners. Education sector should pay more attention to the non-performers to improve their performance in all the subjects and area of study. Screening of the students performance to identify their weaknesses could contribute positively to their performance in the end. The Arizona system of assessment should also be evaluated to improve its effectiveness on the assessment of the student’s performance. Since the study identified that the non-ELL performed better in math than non-ELL, more emphasis should be put on their system of education and the curriculum to equalize the perform ance of both groups. Utilize Partner Talk In the course of teaching, the teacher should allow discussions between the neighboring students, which breaks the monotony of the teacher talking alone and also contributes to building trust between the students, being very vital in the process of studying in class. Encourage Choral Responses from Students To encourage choral responses from students helps a sector of learners who hardly speak out to answer a question or ask one. In a choral response, therefore, they are able to gain confidence as well as get the right pronunciation of the mathematical concepts (Scholastic Instructor, 2010). Implementation of the Plan When setting out the plan, the teacher is supposed to ensure that the room is well arranged in a way that it can quickly be rearranged for the next lesson. The teacher should then issue materials in a properly arranged manner to be used for the study. Materials such as drawings tools, computers, textbooks, and audio materials a mong many others should be provided (Allsopp, 2008). When everything is ready and arranged, the lesson should start. Leadership Principles The teacher is supposed to display some qualities or principles vital for the implementation of the plan. The first principle is patience. The teacher should be patient with the students and give everyone time to express their own ideas. The next principle should be willingness. The teacher should develop a parent heart and be willing to always help his or her students any time. At the same time, the teacher should maintain professional methods and never deviate from the topic or give up on it because of the difficulties involved. When teaching, the teacher should be honest with his or her students and avoid showing divided favors. Key players in the Plan Since this is a school setting, various players should be involved for the success of the plan. First of all, the parents should be involved by all means. They are supposed to provide the needed funds and materials for the success of the plan. Teachers should also be involved. They should mark the needs of the English language learners and be ready to be called for extra lessons. The teacher leaders should ensure that materials are availed on time. The staff should also be willing to help in any way possible. The students should be willing to be helped and always help each other (Allsopp, Kyger Lovin, 2007). Mathematics is often regarded as a foreign and quite hard subject to grasp to most students unlike the other subjects taught at school or college. Particularly, in the case of English Language Learners (ELLs), mathematics to them is a major challenge. For a teacher, as a result, it is hard make the students fully understand the math language, as such, a lot of efforts are required to acquire math concepts in the oral and written form. References Allsopp, D. H., Kyger, M. M. Lovin, L. H. (2007). Teaching mathematics meaningfully: Solutions to reaching struggling learn ers. Baltimore, MD: Brookes Publishing. Allsopp, D., Kyger, M., Lovin, L., Garretson, H., Carson, K. Ray, S. (2008). Mathematics dynamic assessment: Informal assessment that responds to the needs of struggling learners in mathematics. Teaching Exceptional Children, 40(3), 6-16. American Institutes for Research. (2010). Differentiated Instruction for Math. Web. Anderson, D. L., Holder, K. C. (2012). Accolades and Recommendations: A Longitudinal Analysis of Monitoring Reports for Two Charter Schools Serving Native American Students. Journal of School Choice, 6(2), 184-208. doi:10.1080/15582159.2012.673967 Bailey, M.J.H. (2009). The Introduction of Religious Chapter Schools: A Cultural Movement in the Private School Sector. Journal of Research on Christian Education, 18, 272-289. Baker, S., Gersten, R., Lee, D. (2002). A synthesis of empirical research on teaching mathematics to low-achieving students. The Elementary School Journal, 103, 51-73. Bender, W. (2002). Differentiating ins truction for students with learning disabilities. Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin. Glencoe. (2005). Differentiating instruction in the Mathematics classroom. Web. Scholastic Instructor. (2010). 10 ways to help ells succeed in Math. Scholastic Instructor. Web. Skilton-Sylvester, P. (2011). Eyes on the Curriculum: How One Charter School Resisted Test-Driven Pressures. Dissent (00123846), 58(4), 52-58. Tomlinson, C. (1999). How to differentiate instruction in mixed-ability classrooms. Alexandria , VA: ASCD.

Idea of Freedom and to be American in Bradford's, Franklin's, and Essay

Idea of Freedom and to be American in Bradford's, Franklin's, and Crevecoeur's Writings - Essay Example Bradford had narrated the happenings upon the immigration of the Puritans into the Plymouth Plantation through this writing. Bradford, along with the Pilgrims, left England to experience religious freedom in America. It was the freedom of religion that brought the Pilgrims to Plymouth Plantation, and William Bradford was one of the Pilgrims, who boarded the Mayflower to experience that freedom. He left his country and led a European Settlement in America, for it was the only place, back then, where his religious freedom will not be deprived. Despite the imminent risks, Bradford, together with other Pilgrims, fled to America with no assurance of safety, only to experience religious freedom, a freedom that they ought to gain under the rules of the Mayflower Compact. As stated in his manuscript, â€Å"one small candle may light a thousand, so the light here kindled shall shine unto many† (Bradford). In the â€Å"The Autobiography† of Benjamin Franklin, a different type of freedom was emphasized, which supports the individual freedom of business and the economy in America. Franklin was dubbed as the first authentic American for he was firm in his stand to uphold colonial unity. His establishment of the Junto intended to demonstrate how the improvement of the American society can be achieved through business and economic freedom. In the above passage, he refers to the benefits of education that libraries have provided the citizens of the country. He has further added that libraries have somehow contributed to the response of the citizens in various colonies, especially in defending their privileges (Franklin). Tradesmen and farmers need access to these libraries for them to make appropriate decisions for their business. By that time, they make their own business successful and eventually contribute to the growth of the economy. This gives the liberty to help America progress and become an authentic American. Hector St. John

Look at Your Fish/ Building Arguments- Word Assignment

Look at Your Fish - Assignment Example The professor was also trying to teach Scudder to refer to the facts because whatever he/she would say, he would still tell him/her to look at the fish as a point of reference. At first, Scudder took a very short time to look at the fish and with an idea of a fish at the back of the mind, concluded that he/she had seen everything that was required of him/her. This was from the general knowledge he/she had about a fish and with that, he/she thought it was all about a fish. Scudder again after lunch came and when he/she tried out drawing the fish, it dawned on him/her that there were new features that he/she was discovered then. After another serious look in the afternoon, he/she even noticed how shallow he/she had been with his/her previous observations. The following morning, he/she was even able to explain what he/she had seen but in a new way, which was actually what the professor was trying to teach him/her. As time passed by with constant observation and of course with concentration, Scudder learned more and more. We can conclude that he/she actually would learn everything about the fish if he/she were given more time. Scudder changed from just seeing what the ordinary eye could see now seeing beyond and even be able to explain the observations. He/she also changed and learned to be patient and persistent in his/her learning. Scudder also changed from just being a mere learner into an expert in the field of study. Scudder developed a lot of interest and gained a lot of knowledge in that field of study, something he/she could not do before and would now do more than what was expected of a learner. Professor Agassiz’s method of teaching was very effective from my point of view. This is due to the positive effects it has caused to Scudder as a leaner. Firstly, it gives the learner an ample time to be able to learn from them.

American Colonies Essay Example for Free

American Colonies Essay The journey to America by Christopher Columbus in 1492 marked a new path for explorers from all over the world. England was one of those countries to explore the Newfoundland and settled into colonial America. By the 1700’s, Britain’s settlers divided into three distinct cultures within America. The New England, Middle, and Southern colonies were formed because of their differences in religious beliefs, geographic aspects, and occupation types. The variety of religious view in the New England, Middle, and Southern colonies helped evolve the differences between them. The New England colonies heavily practiced puritanism. Puritanism was a strict religion that’s main ideal was â€Å"everything you do affects all of us.† The puritans highly prioritized work ethic and were not afraid to publicly shun their members if the puritans disapproved of their actions. They believed their religion should be involved in all aspects of their life. The puritans strongly opposed the Quakers who, by the 1700’s, had settled into the Middle colonies. Quakers, also called the Religious Society of Friends, greatly differed to New England’s religious beliefs. The Quakers were a diverse group of people of deep conviction. They were advocates of passive resistance, but also devoted democratic people. The Quakers believed that they were all children in the sight of God. To the Puritans, the Bible supplied all religious authority, but Quakers believed that God could and did speak directly to the people. The Southern colonies largely supported the Church of England. The Church of England, whose members are called Anglicans, clung to a faith less severe and worldlier than the Puritanical New England. All three religions in all three different societies differed majorly in their beliefs. The Puritans strict ways clashed with the Quakers diverse and open views. The Church of England conflicted with the goal of the Puritans to purify the Church. The varied beliefs of the people divided them into the three colonies in early America. In addition, the distinct geography of each colony furthered the separation of their societies. The heavily glaciated soil in New England colony was filled with rocks. This rocky soil left New England less ethnically mixed. European immigrants were not attracted to the rocky soil of New England and decided to move elsewhere. Unlike the rocky soil of the New England  colonies, the Middle colonies became known as the â€Å"breadbasket† colonies because of the fertile soil and heavily exports of grain. Rivers also played a vital role in the difference of the Middle colonies from the others. The broad streams like the Susquehanna, Delaware and Hudson attracted fur trade and some adventurous spirits of the colonists. Unlike the New England’s many waterfalls, the Middle colonies waterways allowed little power with a water wheel. The Southern soil created a major difference to the rest of the colonies. The soil of the South was rich and fertile. Unlike New England’s hot summers and cruelly cold winters, the Southern heat was very humid and made the Southern colonies perfect for farming. The geographic differences between the colonies, including the variances of soil, rivers and weather, caused each colony to become more unique. As a result of the geographic aspects of the three colonies, specific occupations were found more often in certain colonies. The New England soil and climate created a diverse agriculture and industry. Unable to farm on rocks, some New England people turned to the harbors for fishing while others turned to dense forests, to work on cutting down trees and building ships. These jobs created a town-like atmosphere in the New England colony. The Middle colonies occupations proved very similar to the New England colonies. With the dense Virginal forest many became a lumberjacks or a ship builders. However, the Southern colonies fertile soil and humid weather created a farming franchise. Men had big farms called plantations. They grew crops to get cash and sold these crops to Great Britain. Because of the demanding work of owning a plantation, many slaves from Africa worked for the English farmers. The spread of slavery in the South created major gaps in their social structure. At the top of social ladder stood the small group of powerful plantation owners. Beneath them were small farmers, the biggest social group. Still lower on the social ladder were the landless whites, and beneath them were the indentured servants who were soon replaced with black slaves. The South created a separation between them and the other colonies because of their immigration of slaves. The variety of occupation types in each colony created majorly different societies. The major differences in each society helped evolve three distinct colonies. Each society had different beliefs and religions. The strict ways of the New England puritans clashed with the free spirit of the Quakers in the Middle colonies and the Anglican ways of the Southern colonies. The variety of soil, rivers, and weather helped create three distinct colonies. The rocky soil in the New England colonies, large rivers in the Middle colonies, and good soil and humid weather in the Southern colonies also helped create a vast assortment of occupations in each colony. With lumberjacks and ship builders in the New England and Middle colonies, and farming in the South, the jobs of the people in each society were majorly varied. The difference in each colony allowed groups of people to regulate their own lives. This later the creation of different states and governments, further separated the America. This separation in beliefs helped cause the civil war. The early difference in society in the 1700’s helped pave the way for many other conflicted views later on in America.

Use of Dramatic Techniques in Cartwrights Road and Kanes Blasted Essa

Use of Dramatic Techniques in Cartwright's Road and Kane's Blasted      Ã‚   In this essay I shall concentrate on the plays 'Road' by Jim Cartwright and 'Blasted' by Sarah Kane with specific reference to use of language and structure of dialogue as examples of dramatic techniques.    My explanation of dramatic techniques is perhaps akin to Brecht's opinion regarding this theme:    '...The strong centralisation of the story, a momentum that draws the separate parts into a common relationship.   A particular passion of utterance, a certain emphasis on the class of forces are hallmarks of the dramatic.' (Brecht:p70)    Here we can perhaps see the way in which Brecht explains the aim of techniques such as use of language and structure of dialogue.   They in essence are attempting to draw together a common theme.   Perhaps in 'Road' language and dialogue is attempting to prove a sense of futility in individuals' lives, whereas in 'Blasted' the theme could be the atrocities of war are on both a personal and national level. How is the drama portrayed through the playwrights techniques?    In road, Cartwright uses definite techniques of language to create dramatic tension and in some instances irony.   Firstly his use of rhyming worlds within the dialogue creates a number of aspects.   Within Valerie's monologue the phrase:    'pissing and missing the bog'    has sibilance from the repetition of the 's' sound.   Dramatically this creates a harsh consonant sound almost as if they actor playing Valerie is aggressively spitting out the anger that she feels about her husband.   Within class this line was delivered with the dictated Northern accent which furthered the sibilant qualit... ...ife up North.   It is perhaps my own error that I feel more comfortable with 'Road' there is love shown through the moments of Joey and Clare, and there is friendship, Carol and Louise.   'Blasted' on the other hand holds nothing hopeful and in my opinion little which is insightful.   Kane's use of dramatic techniques is rooted in the interaction of characters and their dialogue whereas Cartwright reveals characters in a more insular fashion through the use of dramatic monologues, and the descriptions they use.   In short I weep when Joey dies, I laugh when Carol and Brenda provide humour, but 'Blasted' I am just shocked.    Works Cited: Banks, R.A. 'Drama & Theatre Arts', Hodder Headline Plc, London, 1991. Brecht, B. 'Brecht on Theatre', Metheun Publishing Ltd, London, 1957. Boal, A. 'Theatre of the Oppressed', Pluto Press, London, 1979.    Use of Dramatic Techniques in Cartwright's Road and Kane's Blasted Essa Use of Dramatic Techniques in Cartwright's Road and Kane's Blasted      Ã‚   In this essay I shall concentrate on the plays 'Road' by Jim Cartwright and 'Blasted' by Sarah Kane with specific reference to use of language and structure of dialogue as examples of dramatic techniques.    My explanation of dramatic techniques is perhaps akin to Brecht's opinion regarding this theme:    '...The strong centralisation of the story, a momentum that draws the separate parts into a common relationship.   A particular passion of utterance, a certain emphasis on the class of forces are hallmarks of the dramatic.' (Brecht:p70)    Here we can perhaps see the way in which Brecht explains the aim of techniques such as use of language and structure of dialogue.   They in essence are attempting to draw together a common theme.   Perhaps in 'Road' language and dialogue is attempting to prove a sense of futility in individuals' lives, whereas in 'Blasted' the theme could be the atrocities of war are on both a personal and national level. How is the drama portrayed through the playwrights techniques?    In road, Cartwright uses definite techniques of language to create dramatic tension and in some instances irony.   Firstly his use of rhyming worlds within the dialogue creates a number of aspects.   Within Valerie's monologue the phrase:    'pissing and missing the bog'    has sibilance from the repetition of the 's' sound.   Dramatically this creates a harsh consonant sound almost as if they actor playing Valerie is aggressively spitting out the anger that she feels about her husband.   Within class this line was delivered with the dictated Northern accent which furthered the sibilant qualit... ...ife up North.   It is perhaps my own error that I feel more comfortable with 'Road' there is love shown through the moments of Joey and Clare, and there is friendship, Carol and Louise.   'Blasted' on the other hand holds nothing hopeful and in my opinion little which is insightful.   Kane's use of dramatic techniques is rooted in the interaction of characters and their dialogue whereas Cartwright reveals characters in a more insular fashion through the use of dramatic monologues, and the descriptions they use.   In short I weep when Joey dies, I laugh when Carol and Brenda provide humour, but 'Blasted' I am just shocked.    Works Cited: Banks, R.A. 'Drama & Theatre Arts', Hodder Headline Plc, London, 1991. Brecht, B. 'Brecht on Theatre', Metheun Publishing Ltd, London, 1957. Boal, A. 'Theatre of the Oppressed', Pluto Press, London, 1979.   

Atlantic Cape Community College Essay

Reading every word in this letter is equivalent to having greater chances of you attaining your goal of having a successful career in the future. There are just two hundred and one words in this letter for you to get to know about what opportunities Atlantic Cape Community College offers you after you finish high school. Established since 1966, Atlantic Cape Community College (ACCC) is a nonprofit publicly supported organization that aims to provide its students with only the superior academic, technical and training programs.   Accredited by several institutions such as the Commission on Higher Education of the Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools and the American Association of Collegiate Registrars and Admissions Officers, the college places value to continuous learning.   Also, we encourage a multi-cultural and diverse environment through our non-discrimination policy.   With over 6,500 credit students at its three locations, we are sure you can find what suits your needs the most here at Atlantic Cape Community College. Sounds good?   What are you waiting for?   Every minute counts so start planning your future and check out our degree programs at our website http://www.atlantic.edu/ or you can just call up us at these numbers for further inquiries. Mays Landing – ( 609) 343-5000 or (609) 625-1111, ext. 5000 Atlantic City – (609) 343-4878 Cape May County – (609) 463-3958 or 463-4774, ext. 3958 We would be thoroughly pleased to hear from you soon!

Substandard Living Conditions Essay - 1512 Words

How Does the Issue of substandard Living Conditions Challenge the International Community and What are Some Possible Solutions to This Problem? Bay Shore High School Nora Sacco International Relations and United Nations Mr. NiedÃ… ºwiecki May 30 2017 Every day, the international community is confronted by plethora of problems. Although these challenges may vary in scope and severity, they affect enough people worldwide to warrant international attention. The difficult issue of lack of sanitation and substandard living conditions in refugee camps is one such troubling challenge. The creation of solutions for this important issue is only possible†¦show more content†¦Living conditions and sanitation and refugee camps are the main problems that almost every refugee camp has to go through. There are so many refugees and so little supplies, workers, and living space so it makes it very hard for camps to try to have enough supplies and keep their camps clean. A refugee camp is a temporary home to help people to get back on their feet, but these camps are having so many problems that they are making it harder for refugees to get back on their feet. The camp s main problem is lack of sanitation, people are coming to these camps and getting sick because the camps are so dirty. The next main issue is a lack of supplies, people are coming to these camps in need of water, food, and living space and some of these camps can not even provide these new campers with the supplies because they already have so many people that they have to provide for. The current situation is unacceptable, as the Syrian war, lack of supplies and the western world’s indifference to blight of the refugees has caused many refugee camps to become uncleanly and over populated. The current situation in many camps and other people have come up with many techniques to cope with the struggles. The camps have come up with my techniques to solve the problem that are not enough supplies, food, sanitation, and not enough room in the camp for each refugee. The camps in this day and age still has many issues that they had back then, but the problems are lessShow MoreRelatedSocial And Economic Consequences Of Inadequate Housing Essay1530 Wo rds   |  7 PagesMason Durie’s MÄ ori model of health; Te Whare Tapa Wha, which describes hauora as being based on the whenua, taha tinana, taha whÄ nau, taha wairua and taha hinengaro being the four pillars (ref). if one wall is missing, health is not complete†¦. This essay will explore the history, background, extent, social and economic consequences of inadequate housing and strategies in place to address the issue. MÄ ori have and always have had aspirations to live in housing if their own choice if they can (ref)Read MoreThe Libido For The Ugly Essay1749 Words   |  7 Pageswriter who had a powerful influence on America’s writing style during the 1920s. His writing style was known for it’s wit, and harsh criticism towards American social and cultural weaknesses. His essay â€Å"The Libido for the Ugly† sends the message to the reader that America needs to change its way of living because they are too content with their current ugly lifestyle. H.L. Mencken was born in Baltimore, Maryland in 1880 and from a young age was self-driven towards becoming a reporter and workingRead MoreChina‘S One Child Policy648 Words   |  3 PagesSophy Huang DSOC Essay 5 Revision 9 April 2012 It’s time to change a manufacturing model In the last two decades, China’s economy has grown rapidly, becoming the world’s second largest economy after the U.S. China has gained this achievement by becoming the factory of the world and exporting cheap products to oversea markets. However, recently China has been losing its advantages in the export sector, which its economy is heavily reliant on. New data shows a visible slowdown in manufacturingRead MoreThis Essay Is Looking At What The Key Factors Most Commonly1999 Words   |  8 PagesThis essay is looking at what the key factors most commonly regarded as being linked to health inequalities in the United Kingdom. Firstly, what does the term health inequalities mean according to the World Health Organisation (WHO) â€Å"Health inequalities can be defined as differences in health status or in the distribution of health determinants between different population groups. For example, differences in mobility between elderly people and younger populations or diffe rences in mortality ratesRead MoreHomelessness : An Aspect Of Society1300 Words   |  6 PagesEnglish B: Argumentative Essay Homelessness is an aspect of society, which most people chose not to acknowledge. With the increasing amount of issues the United States faces, homelessness tends to be forgotten when the time comes for the government to establish what issues they should assist. Due to the substantial amount of issues the government concerns itself with, homelessness does not receive the necessary attention required and is improperly handled. In today’s society poverty-stricken individualsRead MoreThe Implications of the Ottawa Charters Five Strands in Improving Access to Good Housing and Reduction to Houshold Crowding in New Zealand964 Words   |  4 Pagescrowding in New Zealand Introduction Shelter is a fundamental need for good health (WHO, 1986). Lack of access to warm, dry and affordable housing for many New Zealanders is an increasing concern (Baker, McDonald, Zhang, Howden-Chapman, 2013). This essay focuses on household crowding (HHC) as a specific determinant of health in New Zealand, looking at the population groups most affected by overcrowding and the relationship between HHC, individual behaviour and ill health. The negative effects of crowdingRead MoreAn Argument Against Factory Farmed Meat1370 Words   |  6 PagesAn Argument Against Factory-Farmed Meat in Affluent Countries Animals, in affluent countries, are needlessly suffering due to human’s gluttonous desire to consume meat. This essay supports the argument that human beings, living in relatively affluent countries, are morally obligated to refrain from purchasing as well as consuming factory-farmed meat. A reduction in purchasing and consuming factory-farmed meat would diminish unnecessary animal suffering. Consumers of factory-farmed meat supportRead MoreHealth Care : Is It Working?1454 Words   |  6 Pagesprofit health care providers has greatly contributed to the rising costs of our health care. There is a higher percentage of population living without health care insurance the fact that has greatly contribute to higher cost of health care since conditions that could be either treated or prevented at low cost. Furthermore, treatment of health care conditions such as intensive care or emergency treatment. With hospitals increasing their rates for everything, to make up for the people that Read MoreWe Must Provide Housing for the Urban Poor Essays1827 Words   |  8 PagesIntroduction The focus of this essay is to inform you about a pressing issue that has severe implications for the urban poor and to encourage you to take up action against this problem. The most serious of the issues the urban poor continuously deal with is housing and it has a multitude of far reaching affects on their daily lives. As a result, immediate action must be taken and I am calling on you to form a new policy that includes incentives for low-income housing construction and a green agendaRead MoreUrban Transport Problems And Environmental Problems1146 Words   |  5 Pagesdevelop, a lot of challenges and problems develop too, for example: high population, urban transport problems and environmental problems. This essay will describe the main challenges and possible solution. The first challenge is due to high population. A quick rise in population will cause housing and food shortages and a rise in the price of general living. According to Yujun, Z. (2011), in developing countries, the fastest population growth rate will be 7-8% annually; a burden in most developing